| Following is an informal list of all species, subspecies and forms in our database. Clicking on a photo or taxon will display all photos for that species. There are a huge number of images here, so many it may crash your browser. |
| Abronia villosa Sand verbena Synonyms: desert verbena |
| Abudefduf sexfasciatus Scissortail sergeant major |
| Abudefduf troschelii |
| Acanthaster ellisii |
| Acanthocybium Wahoo Range: Atlantic, Indian and Pacific: in tropical and subtropical waters, including the Caribbean and Mediterranean seas. Synonyms: ono |
| Acanthurus coeruleus Blue tang surgeonfish Range: Western Atlantic: New York, USA and Bermuda to the Gulf of Mexico and Brazil. Eastern Atlantic: Ascension Island |
| Acanthurus dussumieri Eyestripe surgeonfish Range: Indo-Pacific: East Africa to the Hawaiian and Line Islands, north to southern Japan, south to Rowley Shoals, southern Great Barrier Reef and Lord Howe Island, Guam in Micronesia; absent from most of central Pacific. Mascarene Island |
| Acanthurus japonicus Japan surgeonfish Range: Indo-Pacific. Synonyms: Japanese surgeonfish, powder-black surgeon |
| Acanthurus nigricaudas Blackstripe surgeonfish |
| Acanthurus sohal Arabian surgeonfish Range: Western Indian Ocean: Red Sea to the Persian Gulf Synonyms: sohal tang, sohal surgeonfish |
| Acinonyx jubatus Cheetah Range: Africa to India Status: Endangered (ESA) |
| Acipenser oxyrinchus oxyrinchus Atlantic sturgeon Range: Western Atlantic: Hamilton River, Labrador, Newfoundland, Canada to northeastern Florida, USA |
| Acrantophis madagascariensis Malagasy ground boa Range: Madagascar |
| Acropora palmata Elkhorn coral Synonyms: staghorn coral |
| Actinodiscus sp. Disk anemone |
| Adelogorgia phyllosclera Orange gorgonian |
| Aetobatus narinari Spotted eagle ray Range: Western Atlantic: North Carolina (summer) and Florida, USA and Bermuda to southern Brazil. Throughout Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean, including Antilles. Eastern Atlantic: Mauritania to Angola. Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea and South Africa to Hawaii, north to Japan, south to Australia. Eastern Pacific: Gulf of California to Puerto Pizarro, Peru and the Galapagos Islands. |
| Agave deserti Desert agave Range: Mojave and Sonoran deserts Synonyms: Century plant |
| Agelaius phoeniceus Red-winged blackbird Synonyms: red wing black bird |
| Agelas conifera Brown tube sponge Synonyms: esponge |
| Agkistrodon contortrix pictigaster Trans-Pecos copperhead snake Range: West Texas |
| Aglaophenia struthionides Ostrich-plumed hydroid Synonyms: stiff-feather hydroid |
| Agonus acipenserinus Sturgeon poacher |
| Ahaetulla fronticincta Gunther's whipsnake Range: Myanmar |
| Aix sponsa Wood duck Range: Southern Canada to Northern Mexico |
| Alces alces Moose |
| Alligator mississippiensis American alligator Range: Southeastern U.S.A. Status: SAT (ESA) Synonyms: gator, croc, alligator |
| Alloclinus holderi Island kelpfish Range: Eastern Pacific: Santa Cruz Island in southern California, USA to central Baja California, Mexico |
| Allopora californica Hydrocoral |
| Allopora californicus California hydrocoral |
| Alphestes immaculatus |
| Amblyrhynchus cristatus Marine iguana Synonyms: sea iguana, Galapagos iguana |
| Ambystoma mexicanum Axolotl Range: Mexico |
| Ameca splendens Butterfly goodeid Range: Jalisco, Mexico |
| Ammospermophilus harrisii Harris' antelope squirrel |
| Amphiprion akindynos Barrier reef anemonefish Range: Western Pacific: eastern Australia (Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea, northern New South Wales), New Caledonia, and Loyalty Islands |
| Amphiprion bicinctus Anemonefish Range: Western Indian Ocean: Red Sea and Chagos Archipelago Synonyms: anemone fish, clown fish |
| Amphiprion ephippium Red Saddleback Anemonefish Range: Eastern Indian Ocean: Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Thailand, Malaysia, and Java and Sumatra in Indonesia. Synonyms: Saddle Anemonefish, Glühkohlen Anemonenfisch, Sadel Klovnfisk, Poisson-Clown à Selles, Pez Payaso Tomate ,Rybka-Kloun |
| Amphiprion melanopus Fire clownfish Range: Pacific Ocean: Indonesia (from Bali eastward), southern Philippines, New Guinea, Australia (Queensland), New Britain, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu (New Hebrides), New Caledonia, Fiji, Tonga, Samoa Islands, Society Islands, Caroline Islands, Marianas, Kiribati and Marshall Islands |
| Amphiprion ocellaris Clown anemonefish Range: Indo-West Pacific: eastern Indian Ocean including Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Thailand, Malaysia, and northwest Australia to Singapore, Indonesia, and the Philippines Synonyms: false percula clownfish |
| Amphiprion percula Percula clownfish Synonyms: Percula anemonefish |
| Amphiprion perideraion Pink anemonefish Range: Indo-Pacific: Christmas Island in the eastern Indian Ocean to southern Japan, Ryukyu Islands, Taiwan, Philippines, Gulf of Thailand, Indonesia, New Guinea, New Britain, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Caroline Islands, Marianas, Kiribati, and Marshall Islands |
| Amphiprion polymnus Saddleback clownfish Range: Western Pacific: Ryukyu Islands, China, Viet Nam, Taiwan, Gulf of Thailand, Indonesia, Philippines, Australia (Northern Territory, Gulf of Carpentaria), New Guinea, New Britain, and Solomon Islands |
| Amphispiza bilineata Black-throated sparrow |
| Amsinckia menziesii Ranchers fiddleneck Synonyms: Common fiddleneck |
| Anableps anableps Four-Eyed Fish Range: South America: Trinidad and Venezuela to the Amazon delta in Brazil Notable: The "four-eyed fish" is actually a misnomer. It has only two eyes, but both are divided into aerial and aquatic parts. The two retinal regions of each eye, working in concert with two different curvatures of the eyeball above and below water to account for the difference in light refractivity for air and water, allow this amazing fish to see above and below the water surface simultaneously. Synonyms: Largescale foureyes |
| Anarrhichthys ocellatus Wolf eel Range: Alaska to Southern California Synonyms: northern wolffish, wolf-fish, wolf-eel |
| Anas acuta Northern pintail |
| Anas americana American wigeon |
| Anas clypeata |
| Anas crecca Green-winged teal Synonyms: green teal |
| Anas cyanoptera Cinnamon teal |
| Anas discors Blue-winged teal |
| Anas falcata Falcated teal Range: Northeast Asia |
| Anas georgica georgica South Georgia pintail duck |
| Anas platyrhynchos Mallard |
| Anas sp. |
| Anhinga rufa rufa African darter Range: Senegal |
| Anisodoris nobilis Sea lemon nudibranch |
| Anisotremus davidsonii Sargo Range: Eastern Central Pacific: Santa Cruz in central California, USA to southern Baja California, Mexico; isolated population in the Gulf of California |
| Anisotremus interruptus Yellowtail grunt Range: Eastern Pacific: Gulf of California to Peru, including the Galapagos Islands Synonyms: yellow-tailed grunt, burrito grunt |
| Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus Hyacinth macaw |
| Anoplarchus purpurescens High cockscomb Range: Eastern Pacific: Pribilof Islands, Alaska to Santa Rosa Island and Trinidad Bay, southern California, USA |
| Anous stolidus Brown noddy |
| Anthias sp. Anthias Synonyms: basslet, fairy basslet |
| Anthopleura elegantissima Aggregating anemone |
| Anthopleura sola Solitary anemone |
| Anthopleura xanthogrammica Green sea anemone |
| Antilocapra americana Pronghorn antelope |
| Antipathidae sp. Black coral |
| Antirrhinum nutallianum nutallianum Nutall's violet snapdragon |
| Apalone spinifera Softshell turtle Range: Central and Eastern United States Synonyms: Spiny soft-shelled turtle |
| Aphelocoma ultramarina Mexican Jay |
| Apodichthys flavidus Penpoint gunnel |
| Apogon atradorsatus Blacktip cardinalfish Synonyms: black tip cardinal fish |
| Apogon chrysopomus Spotted-gill cardinalfish |
| Apogon guadalupensis Guadalupe cardinalfish Range: Eastern Pacific: San Clemente Island in southern California, USA to Gulf of California in Mexico and offshore islands |
| Apogon leptacanthus Threadfin cardinalfish Range: Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and Mozambique to Samoa and Tonga, New Caledonia; throughout Micronesia Synonyms: thread-fin cardinalfish |
| Apogon novemfasciatus |
| Apogon properupta Southern orange-lined cardinalfish Range: Indo-Pacific |
| Apolemia sp. Pelagic siphonophore |
| Aptenodytes patagonicus King penguin |
| Aquila chrysaetos Golden eagle Synonyms: gold eagle |
| Ara macao Scarlett macaw |
| Aracana ornata Ornate Cowfish Range: Eastern Indian Ocean: Australia (southern Western Australia to Western Victoria and Tasmania) |
| Archamia fucata Orangelined cardinalfish Range: Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and east coast of Africa, eastward to the Marshall Islands, Samoa and Tonga; north to Ryukyu Islands; south to northern Australia Synonyms: orange-lined cardinalfish |
| Arctocephalus galapagoensis Galapagos fur seal Status: Vulnerable (IUCN) Synonyms: Galapagos Islands Fur Seal, Arctocéphale Des Galapagos, Oso Marino De Las Galápagos |
| Arctocephalus gazella Antarctic fur seal |
| Arctocephalus townsendi Guadalupe fur seal Range: U.S.A. (Farallon Islands of CA) south to Mexico (Islas Revillagigedo) Status: Vulnerable (IUCN), Threatened (ESA) Synonyms: Guadalupe Fur Seal, Lower Californian Fur Seal, Arctocéphale De Guadalupe, Otarie À Fourrure D'amérique, Oso Marino De Guadalupe |
| Ardea alba Great egret Synonyms: white egret, great white egret |
| Ardea herodias Great blue heron Range: North America Synonyms: blue heron |
| Argyroxiphium sandwicense macrocephalum Haleakala silversword Range: U.S.A. (HI) Status: Threatened (ESA) Synonyms: silver sword plant, Haleakala silversword |
| Arothron manilensis Narrow-striped puffer Range: Western Pacific: Borneo, Philippines, Samoa, Australia and Tonga Synonyms: striped puffer fish |
| Arothron meleagris Guineafowl puffer Range: Indo-Pacific. Synonyms: guinea-fowl pufferfish, white-spotted balloon, white-spotted puffer |
| Asterina miniata Bat sea star Synonyms: bat star, bat starfish, Patiria miniata |
| Athene cunicularia Burrowing owl |
| Athene cunicularia hypugaea Burrowing owl |
| Atherinops affinis Topsmelt Range: Eastern Pacific: Vancouver I. in British Columbia, Canada to Baja California, Mexico and the Gulf of California. Synonyms: topsmelt silverside |
| Aulorhynchus flavidus Tube snout Range: Eastern Pacific: Sitka, Alaska to Punta Banda, northern Baja California, Mexico Synonyms: tubesnout, tube-snout |
| Aulostomus chinensis Trumpetfish (Pacific) Range: Indo-Pacific: East Africa to Hawaii and the Easter Island, north to southern Japan south to Lord Howe Island. Eastern Central Pacific: Panama, Revillagigedo Islands, Clipperton Island, Cocos Island, and Malpelo Island Synonyms: trumpet fish |
| Aulostomus maculatus Trumpetfish (Atlantic) Range: Western Atlantic: southern Florida, USA and Bermuda to northern South America. East to St. Paul's Rocks |
| Aurelia aurita Moon jelly Synonyms: Moon jellyfish |
| Aythya affinis Lesser scaup |
| Aythya collaris Ring-necked duck |
| Azurina hirundo Swallowtail damselfish Range: Eastern Pacific: Baja California (Mexico) and the Guadalupe and Revillagigedo islands Synonyms: swallowtailed damsel, swallow tail damsel fish |
| Baeolophus wollweberi Bridled titmouse |
| Baileya pleniradiata Dune marigold Synonyms: woolly marigold, woolly marigold |
| Balaenoptera musculus Blue whale Range: Oceanic Status: Endangered (IUCN), Endangered (ESA) Synonyms: Sulphur bottom whale, Sibbald's rorqual, blue rorqual, great blue whale, great northern rorqual, Ballena azul, rorqual bleu, baleine bleue |
| Balaenoptera physalus Fin whale Range: Oceanic Status: Endangered (ESA) |
| Balanophyllia elegans Orange cup coral |
| Balantiocheilus melanopterus Bala shark Range: Rivers of Southeast Asia, principally Thailand, Borneo and Sumatra Synonyms: Silver shark, tricolor sharkminnow |
| Balistes polylepis |
| Balistoides conspicillum Clown triggerfish Range: Indo-Pacific. |
| Basiliscus plumifrons Plumed Basilisk Range: Central America |
| Belonesox belizanus Topminnow Range: Central America: from Laguna San Julian, northeast of Ciudad Veracruz in Mexico to Costa Rica. Southern Gulf of Mexico, southern Yucatan and along Central American coast south to Nicaragua. Introduced in freshwater in Florida Synonyms: top minnow, pike killifish, pike livebearer |
| Beroe forskalii Pelagic ctenophore Synonyms: comb jelly |
| Bison bison American bison Synonyms: buffalo |
| Bitis gabonica African gaboon viper Range: Central Africa |
| Bodianus diplotaenia Mexican hogfish Range: Eastern Pacific: Guadalupe Island and throughout the Gulf of California to Chile, including the Cocos, Malpelo, Revillagigedo and the Galapagos islands Synonyms: vieja |
| Bodianus eclancheri Galapagos hogfish |
| Bothrops moojeni Brazilian lancehead snake Range: Brazil |
| Botia macracanthus Clown loach Range: Rivers of Indonesia (Sumatra and Borneo) |
| Brachyistius frenatus Kelp perch Range: Eastern Pacific: northern British Columbia, Canada to central Baja California, Mexico, including Guadalupe Island, off north central Baja California |
| Brachylophus fasciatus Banded iguana Range: Fiji Status: Endangered (ESA) |
| Branta bernicla Brant Synonyms: Brant goose |
| Branta canadensis Canada goose Synonyms: Canada geese |
| Brassica nigra Black mustard |
| Bromus diandrus Ripgut brome |
| Bromus madritensis rubens Foxtail brome |
| Bucephala albeola Bufflehead |
| Butorides sundevalli Lava heron |
| Cadlina luteomarginata Yellow-marginate nudibranch |
| Calidris alba Sanderling |
| Callipepla gambelii Gambel's quail |
| Calloplesiops altivelis Mimic Roundhead Range: Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa to Tonga and the Line Islands Synonyms: comet |
| Callorhinus ursinus Northern fur seal Status: Vulnerable (IUCN) |
| Callyspongia vaginalis Branching vase sponge Synonyms: esponge |
| Caloenas nicobarica nicobarica Nicobar pidgeon Range: Solomon Islands, Philippines |
| Calycoseris wrightii White tackstem |
| Camissonia claviformis Brown-eyed primrose Synonyms: browneyed primrose |
| Cammisonia bistorta California sun cup |
| Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus Cactus wren |
| Canis latrans Coyote |
| Canis lupus Gray wolf Range: North America Status: Endangered (ESA) Synonyms: timber wolf |
| Canthigaster punctatissima |
| Caranx caballus Green jack Range: Eastern Pacific: Santa Cruz Island, California, USA to Peru, including the Gulf of California and the Galapagos Islands Synonyms: jurel verde |
| Caranx melampygus Blue-spotted jack Range: Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa to Ducie Island, north to the Ryukyu Islands, south to New Caledonia. Eastern Central Pacific: Mexico to Panama Synonyms: blue spotted jack, blue jack |
| Caranx sexfasciatus Bigeye jack Range: Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa to Hawaii, north to southern Japan and the Ogasawara Islands, south to Australia and New Caledonia. Eastern Pacific: southwestern coast of Baja California Sur, Mexico and the Gulf of California to Ecuador and the Galapagos Islands Synonyms: big eye jack, big-eyed jack, horseeye jack, horse-eye jack |
| Carcharhinus falciformis Silky shark Range: Circumtropical. Western Atlantic: Massachusetts, USA to southern Brazil, including the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea. Eastern Atlantic: Spain, Madeira to northern Angola; Cape Verde. Indo-Pacific: scattered records from the Red Sea and Natal, South Africa to China, New Zealand, and the Caroline, Hawaiian, Phoenix and Line islands. Eastern Pacific: southern Baja California, Mexico to northern Chile. Highly migratory species. |
| Carcharhinus galapagensis Galapagos shark |
| Carcharhinus leucas Bull shark Range: Widespread in warm oceans, rivers and lakes. Western Atlantic: Massachusetts, USA to southern Brazil. Eastern Atlantic: Morocco, Senegal to Angola. Indo-West Pacific: Kenya and South Africa to India, then, Viet Nam to Australia. Eastern Pacific: southern Baja California, Mexico to Ecuador and possibly occurring in Peru Synonyms: Zambezi shark, tiburon toro |
| Carcharhinus perezi Caribbean reef shark Range: Western Atlantic: Florida, USA to southern Brazil, including the northern Gulf of Mexico and the Antilles Synonyms: Grey reef shark |
| Carcharodon carcharias Great white shark Range: Cosmopolitan, mostly amphitemperate. Western Atlantic: Newfoundland to Argentina; Gulf of Mexico, Bahamas, Cuba and Lesser Antilles. Eastern Atlantic: France to South Africa, Mediterranean. Indian Ocean: Red Sea, Seychelles, South Africa. Western Pacific: Siberia to New Zealand and the Marshall Is.; south Australia. Central Pacific: Hawaii. Eastern Pacific: Alaska to Chile. Status: Vulnerable (IUCN) Synonyms: white pointer, white death, jaws |
| Cardinalis cardinalis Northern cardinal |
| Cardinalis sinuatus Pyrrhuloxia |
| Caretta caretta Loggerhead turtle Range: Circumglobal in tropical and temperate seas and oceans Status: Threatened (ESA) |
| Carpodacus mexicanus House finch |
| Castilleja angustifolia Northwestern Indian Paintbrush Syn: Castilleja chromosa |
| Castillejo exserta Purple owls clover |
| Castor canadensis Beaver |
| Catharacta antarctica Brown skua |
| Cathartes aura Turkey vulture |
| Catoptrophurus semipalmatus Willet |
| Caulastrea echinulata Trumpet coral |
| Caulolatilus princeps Ocean whitefish |
| Cebidichthys violaceus Monkey-faced eel Range: Eastern Pacific: southern Oregon, USA to northern central Baja California, Mexico; rare south of Point Conception, California, USA Synonyms: monkeyface prickleback |
| Centropyge aurantonotus Flameback angelfish Range: Western Atlantic: southern Caribbean Islands including Barbados and Curaçao; and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
| Centropyge loricula Flame angel Range: Central Pacific. Synonyms: flame angelfish, flaming angelfish, Japanese pygmy angelfish |
| Cephaloscyllium ventriosum Swell shark |
| Cervus canadensis Elk Synonyms: wapiti |
| Cervus canadensis roosevelti Roosevelt elk |
| Cervus elaphus Elk |
| Chaenactis fremontii Fremont's pincushion |
| Chaetoderma penicilligera Leafy filefish |
| Chaetodipterus zonatus Pacific spadefish Range: Eastern Pacific: San Diego, California, USA to Peru. |
| Chaetodon auriga Threadfin butterflyfish Range: Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa to the Hawaiian, Marquesan islands, north to southern Japan, south to Lord Howe and Rapa islands; throughout Micronesia |
| Chaetodon capistratus Foureye butterflyfish Range: Western Atlantic: Massachusetts, USA and Bermuda to West Indies and northern South America. Also Bahamas, Gulf of Mexico, and Antilles Synonyms: Four-eye butterfly fish |
| Chaetodon lunula Racoon butterflyfish Range: Indo-Pacific: East Africa to the Hawaiian, Marquesan, and Ducie islands, north to southern Japan, south to Lord Howe and Rapa Islands; throughout Micronesia. Southeast Atlantic: South Africa Synonyms: racoon butterfly fish |
| Chaetodon ornatissimus Ornate butterflyfish Range: Indo-Pacific: Sri Lanka to Hawaii, the Marquesas, and Ducie Islands, north to southern Japan, south to Lord Howe and Rapa Islands; throughout Micronesia Synonyms: ornate butterfly |
| Chaetodon semilarvatus Masked butterflyfish Range: Western Indian Ocean: Red Sea and Gulf of Aden. Synonyms: masked butterfly, Golden butterflyfish, bluecheek butterflyfish |
| Chaetodon ulietensis Pacific double-saddle butterflyfish Range: Indo-Pacific Synonyms: double saddle butterflyfish |
| Chaetodontoplus duboulayi Scribbled angelfish Range: Indo-Pacific. |
| Chalcophaps indica Emerald dove Range: Southeast Asia Synonyms: Green-winged Pigeon, Bronze-winged Dove, Punai Tanah |
| Cheilinus fasciatus Redbreasted wrasse |
| Cheilinus undulatus Napolean wrasse Range: Indo-Pacific: Red Sea to the Tuamotus, north to the Ryukyus, east to Wake Island, south to New Caledonia; throughout Micronesia Synonyms: bumphead wrasse |
| Chelmon rostratus Copperband butterflyfish Range: Indo-West Pacific: Andaman Sea to Ryukyu Islands and south to Australia |
| Chelodina siebenrocki Siebenrock's snakeneck turtle |
| Chelonia mydas Green sea turtle Range: Circumglobal in tropical and temperate seas and oceans Status: Endangered (ESA) Synonyms: green turtle |
| Chelus fimbriata Matamata Range: South America |
| Chen caerulescens Snow goose |
| Chiloscyllium plagiosum Whitespotted bamboo shark Synonyms: white-spotted bamboo shark |
| Chionis alba Snowy sheathbill |
| Chirolophis decoratus Decorated warbonnet |
| Chirolophis nugator Mosshead warbonnet |
| Chlamys sp. Swimming scallop |
| Chloephaga hybrida Kelp goose |
| Chloephaga hybrida malvinarum Kelp goose |
| Chloephaga picta Upland goose |
| Choerodon fasciatus Harlequin tuskfish Range: Western Pacific. |
| Chromileptis altiveles Panther grouper |
| Chromis atrilobata |
| Chromis cyanea Blue chromis Range: Western Atlantic: Bermuda, southern Florida (USA), and the Carribean Sea. Including the Bahamas, Gulf of Mexico and Antilles |
| Chromis limbaughi Connie's Damsel Range: Eastern Central Pacific: Gulf of California Synonyms: Limbaugh's damsel, chromis |
| Chromis punctipinnis Blacksmith Range: Eastern Pacific: Monterey Bay in California, USA to central Baja California, Mexico Synonyms: blacksmith chromis |
| Chromis vanderbilti Vanderbilt's chromis Range: Western Pacific: Taiwan to the Hawaiian and throughout Micronesia |
| Chromis viridis Blue-green chromis Range: Indo-Pacific. Synonyms: blue green chromis, blue green damselfish, blue-green puller, green puller |
| Chrysanthemum coronarium Crown daisy |
| Chrysaora colorata Purple-striped jellyfish Synonyms: purple striped jellyfish, Pelagia colorata |
| Chrysaora fuscescens Sea nettles |
| Chrysiptera cyanea Sapphire devil Range: Indo-West Pacific: eastern edge of the Indian Ocean and Western Australia to New Guinea, New Britain, Solomon Islands, Marianas and Caroline Islands, Indonesia, Philippines, Taiwan and Ryukyu Islands Synonyms: blue damselfish, blue devil, cornflower sargeant-major, sky-blue damsel |
| Chrysiptera hemicyanea Azure damsel Range: Indo-West Pacific: eastern Indian Ocean and Indonesia |
| Chrysothamnus sp. Rabbitbrush Synonyms: Rabbit brush, rabbitbush |
| Cirrhilabrus cyanopleura Blue-head fairy wrasse Range: Western Pacific: Ryukyu Islands, Taiwan, Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Palau, Indonesia, and Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Eastern Indian Ocean: Rowely Shoals, Similan Islands, Andaman Sea and Christmas Island Synonyms: velvet wrasse, velvet multicolor wrasse, purple fairy wrasse, blueside wrasse |
| Cirrhitichthys oxycephalus Coral hawkfish Range: Indo-Pacific: Red Sea south to East London, South Africa and east to the Marquesas Islands, north to the Mariana Islands, south to New Caledonia. Eastern Pacific: Gulf of California to Colombia and the Galapagos Islands Synonyms: Halcon de coral |
| Cirrhitops fasciatus Hawaiian hawkfish |
| Cirrhitus rivulatus Whitetail gregory |
| Citharichthys sp. Sanddabs Synonyms: flatfish |
| Citharichthys stigmaeus Speckled sanddab Synonyms: sand dab |
| Clavelina huntsmani Lightbulb tunicate |
| Claytonia perfoliata perfoliata Miner's lettuce Synonyms: miners lettuce |
| Cleidopus gloriamaris Port-and-starboard light fish Range: Australia Synonyms: pinecone fish |
| Coccineis ceticola |
| Coenocyathus bowersi Colonial cup coral |
| Collinsia heterophylla Chinese houses |
| Columba livia Rock dove |
| Condylactis gigantea Giant anemone Range: Caribbean |
| Conolophus subcristatus Galapagos land iguana |
| Conus australis Austral Cone Range: Southern Japan, China Sea |
| Conus bengalensis Glory of Bengal Cone Range: Bay of Bengal (Thai coast, Burma) |
| Conus californicus California cone |
| Conus gloriamaris Glory of the Seas Cone Range: Western Pacific, primarily Philippines and Solomons but also in New Guinea, Yap, Ceram and Flores Islands. Notable: Among collectors, the shell of the Glory of the Seas cone snail, Conus gloriamaris, has special significance. For many years it was one of the most sought after, and considered one of the most rare, shells in the world. Its elegant beauty, and moderate rarity even today, continues to elevate the Glory of the Seas above most other cones in terms of desirability. For a century after its description by Chemnitz in 1777, Conus gloriamaris was known from a relative handful of specimens and it developed a historic notoriety. In 1792 it was published that an earnest collector of Conus species, Chris Hwass of Denmark, purchased a Glory of the Seas at auction only to immediately destroy it in an effort to reduce the known population of specimens by one, thus making his other specimen that much more valuable. A mid-1800's report testified that the only known locale at which Conus gloriamaris was thought to be found alive was destroyed by earthquake, driving the rare species into extinction and making the known specimens spectacularly valuable. As recently as 1957, only two dozen specimens were known to exist and auction prices were well above $1000 apiece. Ten years later, the number of known specimens tripled as collectors discovered New Guinea collecting grounds. In 1969, a pair of divers found over a hundred live specimens at Guadalcanal in the Solomon Islands and the rarity of Conus gloriamaris was history. Nevertheless, the shell's historic significance and mystique continue. The Glory of the Sea Cone can now be afforded by most collectors, enabling them to possess an example of what was once the most pursued shell in the world, and what is still one of the most beautiful to behold. |
| Conus milneedwardsi Glory of India Cone Range: Indian Ocean (Mozambique to Aden, southern and western India, southern Indian Ocean islands), China Sea (Taiwan) and Ryukyu Islands. |
| Conus mutabilis |
| Conus pseudosulcatus |
| Conus sponsalis Marriage Cone Range: Indo-Pacific |
| Conus tulipa Tulip Cone Range: Indo-Pacific |
| Conus vitulinus Calf Cone Range: Indo-Pacific |
| Cordylus cataphractus Armadillo lizard |
| Cordylus giganteus Sungazer Range: South Africa |
| Coris formosa Queen coris wrasse |
| Cornus nuttallii Mountain dogwood Synonyms: Pacific dogwood tree |
| Corolla calceola Pteropod Synonyms: pelagic opisthobranch, sea butterfly |
| Corralus caninus Emerald tree boa Range: Amazon Basin, South America |
| Corynactis californica |
| Crabbius idontknowus |
| Crassedoma giganteum Rock scallop Synonyms: Hinnites giganteus |
| Creagrus furcata Swallowtail gull Synonyms: swallow-tailed gull, swallowtailed gull |
| Cribrinopsis fernaldi Crimson anemone |
| Crocodylus cataphractus African slender-snouted crocodile Range: Western and central Africa Status: Endangered (ESA) |
| Crotalus adamanteus Eastern diamondback rattlesnake |
| Crotalus atrox Western diamondback rattlesnake Range: Western North America |
| Crotalus durissus Neotropical rattlesnake Range: Latin America |
| Crotalus pricei Two-spotted rattlesnake |
| Crotalus ruber ruber Red diamond rattlesnake Range: Southern California |
| Crotalus viridis helleri Southern Pacific rattlesnake Range: Southern California |
| Cryptantha sp. Forget-me-not |
| Ctenochaetus strigosus Spotted surgeonfish Range: Eastern Central Pacific: endemic to the Hawaiian Is., and Johnston I. Synonyms: Kole tang, Yelloweye Bristletooth, Goldring Bristletooth, Goldring Surgeonfish, Yelloweye Surgeonfish |
| Ctenopoma acutirostre African climbing perch Range: Africa: Congo river basin Synonyms: spotted ctenopoma, spotted climbing perch |
| Cuscuta californica California dodder Synonyms: Witch's hair, witches hair |
| Cyanocitta stelleri Steller's jay Synonyms: blue jay |
| Cyclobatis |
| Cyclosalpa affinis Salp Synonyms: salp chain, pelagic tunicate |
| Cyclura sp. Caribbean rock iguana Range: Caribbean islands |
| Cygnus buccinator Trumpeter swan |
| Cymatogaster aggregata Shiner perch Range: Eastern Pacific: Wrangell, southeastern Alaska to Bahia San Quintin, northern Baja California, Mexico. Synonyms: shiner seaperch, shiner surfperch, yellow shiner |
| Cynops ensicauda Swordtail newt Range: Southern Japan, Ryukyu Islands Status: Endangered (IUCN) Synonyms: fire-bellied newt |
| Cyphoma gibbosum Flamingo tongue cowrie |
| Cyphotilapia frontosa Bumphead Cichlid Range: Lake Tanganyika, Africa Synonyms: Paratilapia frontosa, Pelmatochromis frontosus |
| Cypraea (Erosaria) acicularis acicularis (Gmelin 1791) Cypraea acicularis Bristled Cowrie Range: Florida to Brazil |
| Cypraea (Erosaria) albuginosa (Gray 1825) Cypraea albuginosa Albugine Cowrie Range: Eastern Pacific |
| Cypraea (Zonaria) annettae annettae (Dall 1909) Cypraea annettae Annette's Cowrie Range: Pacific Coast of Mexico |
| Cypraea (Erosaria) annulus annulus (Linne 1758) Cypraea annulus Gold-ring Cowrie Range: Indo-Pacific |
| Cypraea (Mauritia) arabica arabica (Linne 1758) Cypraea arabica Arabian Cowrie Range: Indonesia, Melanesia, Australia |
| Cypraea (Mauritia) arabica grayana (Schilder 1930) Cypraea arabica grayana Arabian Cowrie Range: Red Sea, Western Indian Ocean |
| Cypraea (Mauritia) arabica immanis (Schilder 1939) Cypraea arabica immanis Arabian Cowrie Range: Western Indian Ocean |
| Cypraea (Zonaria) arabicula (Lamarck 1810) Cypraea arabicula Little Arabian Cowrie Range: Eastern Pacific |
| Cypraea (Lyncina) argus argus (Linne 1758) Cypraea argus Hundred-Eyed Cowrie Range: Central Indian Ocean to Pacific |
| Cypraea (Palmadusta) artuffeli (Jousseaume 1876) Cypraea artuffeli Artuffel's Cowrie Range: Japan and Ryukyus |
| Cypraea (Palmadusta) asellus (Linne 1758) Cypraea asellus Little-Donkey Cowrie Range: Indo-Pacific |
| Cypraea (Pustularia) bistrinotata bistrinotata (Schilder 1937) Cypraea bistrinotata Twice Triple-spotted Cowrie Range: Southeast Asia |
| Cypraea (Erosaria) boivinii (Kiener 1843) Cypraea boivinii Boivin's Cowrie Range: India, Indonesia to Japan |
| Cypraea boivinii amoena Boivin's Cowrie Range: India, Indonesia to Japan |
| Cypraea (Erosaria) caputserpentis caputserpentis (Linne 1758) Cypraea caputserpentis Serpent's-head Cowrie Range: Indo-Pacific |
| Cypraea (Erosaria) caputserpentis caputophidii (Schilder 1927) Cypraea caputserpentis caputophidii Serpent's-head Cowrie Range: Marquesas to Hawaii |
| Cypraea (Lyncina) carneola (Linne 1758) Cypraea carneola Carnelian Cowrie Range: Indian Ocean, Southeast Asia |
| Cypraea (Lyncina) carneola f. crassa (Gmelin 1791) Cypraea carneola crassa Carnelian Cowrie Range: Red Sea, Oman, Somalia |
| Cypraea (Lyncina) carneola f. propinqua (Garrett 1879) Cypraea carneola propinqua Carnelian Cowrie Range: Hawaii, Polynesia, Melanesia, Australia |
| Cypraea (Erronea) caurica caurica (Linne 1758) Cypraea caurica Caurica Cowrie Range: Indo-Pacific |
| Cypraea (Erronea) caurica blaesa (Iredale 1939) Cypraea caurica blaesa Lisping Caurica Cowrie Range: West Australia |
| Cypraea (Erronea) caurica dracaena (Born 1778) Cypraea caurica dracaena Dragon Caurica Cowrie Range: Central Indian Ocean, India to Thailand |
| Cypraea (Erronea) caurica dracaena f. corrosa (Gronovius 1781) Cypraea caurica dracaena corrosa Dragon Caurica Cowrie Range: Central Indian Ocean, India to Thailand |
| Cypraea (Erronea) caurica elongata (Perry 1811) Cypraea caurica elongata Elongate Caurica Cowrie Range: East Africa to Mauritius |
| Cypraea (Erronea) caurica caurica f. longior (Iredale 1935) Cypraea caurica longior Caurica Cowrie Range: Indo-Pacific |
| Cypraea (Erronea) caurica quinquefasciata (Roding 1798) Cypraea caurica quinquefasciata Five-Banded Caurica Cowrie Range: Red Sea, Northwestern Indian Ocean, Mediterranean |
| Cypraea (Macrocypraea) cervinetta (Kiener 1843) Cypraea cervinetta Panamanian Deer Cowrie, Little Deer Cowrie Range: Eastern Pacific |
| Cypraea (Erronea) chinensis chinensis (Gmelin 1791) Cypraea chinensis Chinese Cowrie Range: Andaman Sea to Japan |
| Cypraea (Erronea) chinensis violacea (Rous 1905) Cypraea chinensis violacea Violet Chinese Cowrie Range: East Africa, Natal |
| Cypraea (Pustularia) cicercula (Linne 1758) Cypraea cicercula Chick-pea Cowrie Range: Indian Ocean to Western Pacific |
| Cypraea (Luria) cinerea cinerea (Gmelin 1791) Cypraea cinerea Atlantic Gray Cowrie, Ashen Cowrie Range: Western Atlantic |
| Cypraea (Palmadusta) clandestina candida (Pease 1865) Cypraea clandestina candida White Clandestine Cowrie |
| Cypraea (Luria) controversa f. atriceps (Schilder 1938) Cypraea controversa atriceps Controversial Cowrie Range: Polynesia and Hawaii Notable: Formerly considered a subspecies of Cypraea isabella |
| Cypraea (Blasicrura) coxeni coxeni (Cox 1873) Cypraea coxeni Coxen's Cowrie Range: Solomon Islands |
| Cypraea (Cribrarula) cribraria cribraria (Linne 1758) Cypraea cribraria Sieve Cowrie Range: Northern Indian Ocean to Pacific |
| Cypraea (Cribrarula) cribraria comma (Perry 1811) Cypraea cribraria comma Sieve Cowrie Range: Western Indian Ocean |
| Cypraea (Erronea) cylindrica cylindrica (Born 1778) Cypraea cylindrica Cylindrical Cowrie Range: Malaysia to Japan |
| Cypraea (Erronea) cylindrica sowerbyana (Schilder 1932) Cypraea cylindrica sowerbyana Sowerby's Cylindrical Cowrie Range: Northwestern Australia, Melanesia |
| Cypraea (Blasicrura) dayritiana (Cate 1963) Cypraea dayritiana Dayrit's Cowrie Range: Philippines |
| Cypraea (Mauritia) depressa (Gray 1824) Cypraea depressa Depressed Cowrie Range: Indo-Pacific |
| Cypraea (Palmadusta) diluculum diluculum (Reeve 1845) Cypraea diluculum Daybreak Cowrie Range: Western Indian Ocean |
| Cypraea (Cypraeovula) edentula edentula (Gray 1825) Cypraea edentula Toothless Cape Cowrie Range: Cape St. Francis to Ciskei Coast, South Africa |
| Cypraea (Mauritia) eglantina (Duclos 1833) Cypraea eglantina Dog-Rose Cowrie Range: Western Pacific and Eastern Indian Ocean |
| Cypraea eglantina griseoformis Dog-Rose Cowrie Range: Western Pacific and Eastern Indian Ocean |
| Cypraea (Mauritia) eglantina f. perconfusa (Iredale 1935) Cypraea eglantina perconfusa Dog-Rose Cowrie Range: Western Pacific and Eastern Indian Ocean |
| Cypraea (Erosaria) erosa erosa (Linne 1758) Cypraea erosa Gnawed Cowrie Range: Indian Ocean |
| Cypraea (Erosaria) erosa chlorizans (Melvill 1888) Cypraea erosa chlorizans Gnawed Cowrie Range: Philippines to Melanesia |
| Cypraea (Erosaria) erosa chlorizans f. lactescens (Dautzenberg & Bouge 1933) Cypraea erosa chlorizans lactescens Gnawed Cowrie Range: Polynesia |
| Cypraea (Erosaria) erosa chlorizans f. purissima (Vredenberg 1919) Cypraea erosa chlorizans purissima Gnawed Cowrie Range: Queensland, Australia |
| Cypraea (Erronea) errones (Linne 1758) Cypraea errones Mistaken Cowrie Range: Philippines |
| Cypraea (Erronea) errones f. bimaculata (Gray 1824) Cypraea errones bimaculata Mistaken Cowrie Range: India to Andaman Sea |
| Cypraea (Erronea) errones f. caerulescens (Schroter 1804) Cypraea errones caerulescens Mistaken Cowrie Range: Melanesia |
| Cypraea (Erronea) felina felina (Gmelin 1791) Cypraea felina Cat Cowrie Range: East and South Africa |
| Cypraea (Erronea) felina fabula (Kiener 1843) Cypraea felina fabula Cat Cowrie Range: Persian Gulf, Oman, Somalia |
| Cypraea (Purpuradusta) fimbriata durbanensis (Schilder 1938) Cypraea fimbriata durbanensis South African Fringed Cowrie Range: East and South Africa |
| Cypraea (Purpuradusta) fimbriata unifasciata (Mighels 1845) Cypraea fimbriata unifasciata One-Banded Fringed Cowrie Range: Polynesia to Hawaii |
| Cypraea (Cypraeovula) fuscodentata fuscodentata (Gray 1825) Cypraea fuscodentata Dark-toothed Cowrie Range: Cape Agulhas to Jeffreysbay, South Africa |
| Cypraea (Erosaria) gangranosa gangranosa (Dillwyn 1817) Cypraea gangranosa Gangrenous Cowrie Range: Indian Ocean to Western Pacific |
| Cypraea (Erosaria) gangranosa reentsii (Dunker 1852) Cypraea gangranosa reentsii Reents' Cowrie Range: Somalia, Red Sea to Maldives |
| Cypraea (Pustularia) globulus globulus (Linne 1758) Cypraea globulus Globular Cowrie Range: Maldives to Pacific |
| Cypraea (Purpuradusta) gracilis gracilis (Gaskoin 1849) Cypraea gracilis Graceful Cowrie Range: Central Indian Ocean to Western Pacific |
| Cypraea (Purpuradusta) gracilis gracilis f. japonica (Schilder 1931) Cypraea gracilis japonica Graceful Cowrie Range: Japan |
| Cypraea (Purpuradusta) gracilis macula (Angas 1867) Cypraea gracilis macula Blotched Graceful Cowrie Range: Eastern Australia |
| Cypraea (Purpuradusta) gracilis notata (Gill 1858) Cypraea gracilis notata Marked Graceful Cowrie Range: Western Indian Ocean |
| Cypraea (Staphylaea) granulata granulata (Pease 1862) Cypraea granulata Granulated Cowrie Range: Hawaii |
| Cypraea (Erosaria) helvola argella (Melvill 1888) Cypraea helvola argella Small Silvery Honey Cowrie Range: Red Sea to Durban |
| Cypraea (Erosaria) helvola callista (Shaw 1909) Cypraea helvola callista Astral Honey Cowrie Range: Eastern Polynesia |
| Cypraea (Erosaria) helvola helvola f. citrinicolor (Iredale 1935) Cypraea helvola citrinicolor Honey Cowrie Range: Western Australia |
| Cypraea (Erosaria) helvola hawaiiensis (Melvill 1888) Cypraea helvola hawaiiensis Honey Cowrie Range: Hawaii |
| Cypraea (Bistolida) hirundo hirundo (Linne 1758) Cypraea hirundo Swallow Cowrie Range: Aden to Andaman Sea |
| Cypraea (Mauritia) histrio (Gmelin 1791) Cypraea histrio Minstrel Cowrie Range: Indian Ocean |
| Cypraea (Blasicrura) interrupta (Gray 1824) Cypraea interrupta Interrupted Cowrie Range: Sri Lanka to Philippines, Japan |
| Cypraea (Luria) isabella (Linne 1758) Cypraea isabella Dirty-Yellow Cowrie Range: Indian Ocean to Western Pacific |
| Cypraea (Luria) isabella f. rumphii (Schilder 1938) Cypraea isabella rumphii Dirty-Yellow Cowrie Range: Indian Ocean to Western Pacific |
| Cypraea (Bistolida) kieneri kieneri (Hidalgo 1906) Cypraea kieneri Kiener's Cowrie Range: Indo-Pacific |
| Cypraea (Bistolida) kieneri depriesteri (Schilder 1933) Cypraea kieneri depriesteri de Priester's Cowrie Range: Pacific to Andaman Sea |
| Cypraea (Erosaria) labrolineata (Gaskoin 1849) Cypraea labrolineata Lined-lip Cowrie Syn: flaveola (Linne 1758) Range: Indo-Pacific |
| Cypraea (Erosaria) lamarckii lamarckii (Gray 1825) Cypraea lamarckii Lamarck's Cowrie Range: Indian Ocean |
| Cypraea (Erosaria) lamarckii redimita (Melvill 1888) Cypraea lamarckii redimita Lamarck's Cowrie Syn: hypercallosa Range: Indian Ocean |
| Cypraea (Staphylaea) limacina limacina (Lamarck 1810) Cypraea limacina Slug-Like Cowrie Range: Eastern Indian Ocean to Polynesia |
| Cypraea (Erronea) listeri f. melvilli (Hidalgo 1906) Cypraea listeri melvilli Lister's Cowrie Range: Melanesia |
| Cypraea (Erronea) listeri f. pauciguttata (Schilder 1938) Cypraea listeri pauciguttata Lister's Cowrie Range: Melanesia |
| Cypraea (Blasicrura) luchuana (Kuroda 1960) Cypraea luchuana Ryu-Kyu Islands Cowrie Range: Ryukyu islands |
| Cypraea (Palmadusta) lutea (Gmelin 1791) Cypraea lutea Yellow Cowrie Range: Western Pacific |
| Cypraea (Lyncina) lynx (Linne 1758) Cypraea lynx Lynx Cowrie Range: Indo-Pacific |
| Cypraea (Lyncina) lynx f. vanelli (Linne 1758) Cypraea lynx vanelli Lynx Cowrie |
| Cypraea (Leporicypraea) mappa mappa (Linne 1758) Cypraea mappa Map Cowrie Range: Philippines, Indonesia and China Sea |
| Cypraea (Mauritia) mauritiana (Linne 1758) Cypraea mauritiana Mauritius Island Cowrie Range: Indo-Pacific |
| Cypraea (Erosaria) miliaris (Gmelin 1791) Cypraea miliaris Millet Cowrie Range: Western Pacific and northwestern Australia |
| Cypraea (Erosaria) miliaris f. differens (Schilder 1927) Cypraea miliaris differens Millet Cowrie Range: Western Pacific and northwestern Australia |
| Cypraea (Erosaria) miliaris f. inocellata (Gray 1825) Cypraea miliaris inocellata Millet Cowrie Range: Western Pacific and northwestern Australia |
| Cypraea (Erosaria) moneta (Linne 1758) Cypraea moneta Money Cowrie Range: Indo-Pacific |
| Cypraea (Erosaria) moneta f. barthelemyi (Bernardi 1861) Cypraea moneta barthelemyi Money Cowrie Range: Pacific |
| Cypraea (Erosaria) moneta f. rhomboides (Schilder 1933) Cypraea moneta rhomboides Money Cowrie Range: Indo-Pacific |
| Cypraea (Muracypraea) mus mus (Linne 1758) Cypraea mus Mouse Cowrie Range: Atlantic coast of Columbia and Venezuela Notable: The typical mus from shallow habitats of Venezuela is characterized by the columnellar teeth fading midways, and the short labral teeth. (Lorenz, NLC, 2002) |
| Cypraea (Erosaria) nebrites (Melvill 1888) Cypraea nebrites Fawn Cowrie Range: Northwestern Indian Ocean |
| Cypraea (Staphylaea) nucleus (Linne 1758) Cypraea nucleus Nucleus Cowrie Range: Indian Ocean to Western Pacific |
| Cypraea (Staphylaea) nucleus f. gemmosa (Perry 1811) Cypraea nucleus gemmosa Nucleus Cowrie Range: Polynesia |
| Cypraea (Staphylaea) nucleus f. madagascariensis (Gmelin 1791) Cypraea nucleus madagascariensis Madagascar Nucleus Cowrie Range: East Africa |
| Cypraea (Erosaria) obvelata (Lamarck 1810) Cypraea obvelata Bulging Cowrie Range: French Polynesia |
| Cypraea (Erosaria) obvelata f. perrieri (Rochebrune 1884) Cypraea obvelata perrieri Ringless Bulging Cowrie Range: French Polynesia |
| Cypraea (Erosaria) ocellata (Linne 1758) Cypraea ocellata Ocellate Cowrie Range: Northern Indian Ocean to Melanesia |
| Cypraea (Erronea) onyx (Linne 1758) Cypraea onyx Onyx Cowrie Range: Philippines to Central Pacific |
| Cypraea (Erronea) ovum ovum (Gmelin 1791) Cypraea ovum Egg Cowrie Range: China Sea to Northwestern Australia |
| Cypraea (Erronea) ovum chrysostoma (Schilder 1927) Cypraea ovum chrysostoma Golden-Bellied Egg Cowrie Range: Solomon Islands to Queensland, Australia |
| Cypraea (Erronea) pallida (Gray 1824) Cypraea pallida Pale Cowrie Range: Northern Indian Ocean to Philippines |
| Cypraea (Erronea) pallida f. insulicola (Schilder 1938) Cypraea pallida insulicola Pale Cowrie Range: Northern Indian Ocean to Philippines |
| Cypraea (Blasicrura) pallidula pallidula (Gaskoin 1849) Cypraea pallidula Pale Cowrie Range: Philippines to Western Pacific except Australia |
| Cypraea (Blasicrura) pallidula rhinoceros (Souverbie 1865) Cypraea pallidula rhinoceros Rhinoceros Pale Cowrie Range: Australia to New Caledonia |
| Cypraea (Blasicrura) pallidula rhinoceros f. simulans (Schilder 1940) Cypraea pallidula rhinoceros simulans Rhinoceros Pale Cowrie Range: Australia to New Caledonia |
| Cypraea (Cypraea) pantherina (Solander 1786) Cypraea pantherina Panther Cowrie Range: Red Sea and Gulf of Aden |
| Cypraea (Blasicrura) pellucens pellucens (Melvill 1888) Cypraea pellucens Translucent Tapering Cowrie Range: Indo-Pacific Notable: Formerly considered a subspecies of Cypraea teres |
| Cypraea (Erosaria) poraria (Linne 1758) Cypraea poraria Porous Cowrie Range: Indo-Pacific |
| Cypraea (Notadusta) punctata punctata f. atomaria (Gmelin 1791) Cypraea punctata atomaria Dotted Cowrie Range: Melanesia, Western Pacific, Northeastern Indian Ocean to Somalia |
| Cypraea (Erronea) pyriformis (Gray 1824) Cypraea pyriformis Pear-shaped Cowrie Range: Western Pacific to Indian Ocean |
| Cypraea (Zonaria) pyrum pyrum (Gmelin 1791) Cypraea pyrum Pear Cowrie Range: Mediterranean and West Africa |
| Cypraea (Blasicrura) quadrimaculata (Gray 1824) Cypraea quadrimaculata Four-spotted Cowrie Range: Western Pacific to northwestern Australia |
| Cypraea (Zonaria) robertsi (Hidalgo 1906) Cypraea robertsi Robert's Cowrie Range: Eastern Pacific |
| Cypraea (Mauritia) scurra scurra (Gmelin 1791) Cypraea scurra Jester Cowrie Range: Western Indian Ocean |
| Cypraea (Mauritia) scurra indica f. retifera (Menke 1829) Cypraea scurra indica retifera Retifera form of Indian Jester Cowrie |
| Cypraea (Neobernaya) spadicea (Swainson 1823) Cypraea spadicea Chestnut Cowrie, Date Cowrie Range: California |
| Cypraea (Staphylaea) staphylaea staphylaea (Linne 1758) Cypraea staphylaea Grape Cowrie Range: Indian Ocean to Western Pacific |
| Cypraea (Trona) stercoraria (Linne 1758) Cypraea stercoraria Rat Droppings Cowrie Range: West Africa |
| Cypraea (Bistolida) stolida stolida (Linne 1758) Cypraea stolida Stolid Cowrie Range: Central and Western Pacific |
| Cypraea (Erronea) subviridis dorsalis (Schilder 1938) Cypraea subviridis dorsalis Dorsal-Blotched Greenish Cowrie Range: Western Australia |
| Cypraea (Erronea) succincta succincta (Linne 1758) Cypraea succincta Exposed Cowrie Range: Northern Indian Ocean |
| Cypraea (Erronea) succincta adusta (Lamarck 1810) Cypraea succincta adusta Tanned Cowrie Range: East Africa |
| Cypraea (Talparia) talpa (Linne 1758) Cypraea talpa Mole Cowrie Range: Indo-Pacific |
| Cypraea (Talparia) talpa f. saturata (Dautzenberg 1903) Cypraea talpa saturata Dark Mole Cowrie Range: Indo-Pacific |
| Cypraea (Blasicrura) teres teres (Gmelin 1791) Cypraea teres Tapering Cowrie Range: East Africa to Philippines, central Pacific |
| Cypraea (Chelycypraea) testudinaria (Linne 1758) Cypraea testudinaria Turtle Cowrie Range: Indo-Pacific |
| Cypraea (Bernaya) teulerei (Cazenavette 1846) Cypraea teulerei Teulere's Cowrie Range: Red Sea to Gulf of Oman |
| Cypraea (Cypraea) tigris (Linne 1758) Cypraea tigris Tiger Cowrie Range: Indo-Pacific |
| Cypraea (Erosaria) turdus (Lamarck 1810) Cypraea turdus Thrush Cowrie Range: Northern Red Sea |
| Cypraea (Lyncina) vitellus (Linne 1758) Cypraea vitellus Pacific Deer Cowrie Range: Indo-Pacific Synonyms: Little Calf Cowrie |
| Cypraea (Erronea) walkeri surabajensis (Schilder 1937) Cypraea walkeri surabajensis Javan Walker's Cowrie Range: Southeast Asia |
| Cypraea (Erronea) xanthodon (Sowerby 1832) Cypraea xanthodon Yellow-toothed Cowrie Range: East Australia |
| Cypraea (Palmadusta) ziczac ziczac (Linne 1758) Cypraea ziczac Zigzag Cowrie Range: Eastern Indian Ocean |
| Cypraea (Zonaria) zonaria (Gmelin 1791) Cypraea zonaria Zoned Cowrie Range: West Africa |
| Daption capense Pintado petrel Synonyms: Cape petrel |
| Dascyllus aruanus White-tailed damselfish Range: Indo-Pacific. Synonyms: whitetail damsel, banded humbug, whitetail cascyllus, black and white damselfish, domino, humbug damselfish, humbug dascyllus, three-stripe damselfish, white-tailed footballer |
| Dasyatis americana Southern stingray Range: Western Atlantic: New Jersey, USA and northern Gulf of Mexico to southern Brazil, including the Antilles |
| Delonovolva aequalis Simnia Synonyms: simnia cowrie |
| Delphinus delphis |
| Dendraster excentricus Sand dollar |
| Dendrobates auratus Green and black poison dart frog Range: Central and South America Synonyms: green-and-black poison frog |
| Dendrogyra cylindrus Pillar coral |
| Dendronephthya sp. Alcyonarian soft coral |
| Dendronotus albus Dendronotus albus nudibranch Range: Kenai Peninsula in Alaska to the Los Coronados Islands off the northern end of Baja California |
| Dendronotus sp. Dendronotus nudibranch |
| Dendrophyllia californica California cup coral Range: Eastern Pacific |
| Diaulula nobilis Sea lemon Range: Alaska to Baja California |
| Diaulula sandiegensis San Diego dorid Range: British Columbia to San Diego Synonyms: san diego nudibranch |
| Dichelostemma capitatum capitatum Wild hyacinth Synonyms: Blue dicks |
| Diodon holocanthus Freckled porcupinefish |
| Diomedea exulans Wandering albatross |
| Diomedea irrorata Waved albatross |
| Diplobatis ommata |
| Diplomystus dentatus |
| Dipolomystus |
| Dipsosaurus dorsalis |
| Dithyrea californica Spectacle pod |
| Dodecatheon clevelandii Shooting star |
| Doriopsilla albopunctata |
| Dryas julia Julia butterfly |
| Ducula forsteni White-breasted imperial pidgeon Range: Sulawesi |
| Dudleya pulverulenta Chalk live-forever Synonyms: Chalk liveforever |
| Echeneis naucrates Live sharksucker Range: Western Atlantic: Nova Scotia, Canada and Bermuda to Uruguay. |
| Echinocereus engelmannii Hedgehog cactus Synonyms: calico cactus |
| Echium fastuosum Pride of Madeira |
| Ecsenius gravieri Red Sea mimic blenny Range: Western Indian Ocean: Red Sea (including the Gulf of Aqaba) to the westernmost Gulf of Aden |
| Egernia kingii Kings skink Range: Australia |
| Egretta thula Snowy egret |
| Eisenia arborea Southern sea palm |
| Elacatinus oceanops Neon goby Range: Western Central Atlantic: southern Florida to Texas (USA) southward to Belize Synonyms: Gobiosoma evelynae |
| Elaphe moellendorffi Moellendorff's Ratsnake |
| Electrophorus electricus Electric eel Range: South America |
| Embiotoca jacksoni Black perch Range: Eastern Pacific: Fort Bragg in northern California, USA to central Baja California in Mexico, including Guadalupe Island |
| Embiotoca lateralis Striped surfperch Range: Eastern Pacific: Wrangell, southeastern Alaska to Point Cabras, northern Baja California, Mexico Synonyms: Striped sea perch, blue searperch |
| Encelia californica Bush sunflower |
| Encelia farinosa Brittlebush Range: Southwestern USA, northwestern Mexico, Baja California, below 3000 feet elevation (900 m) Synonyms: Encienso, brittle bush, brittlebrush |
| Enhydra lutris Sea otter |
| Enoplosus armatus Old Wife Range: Indo-Pacific: Endemic to Australia |
| Epiactis prolifera Proliferating anemone |
| Epilobium cana California fuschia |
| Epinephelus labriformis |
| Epinephelus sp. |
| Equus grevyi Grevy's Zebra Range: Kenya, Ethiopia, Somalia Status: Threatened (ESA) |
| Erethizon dorsatum North American porcupine |
| Erodium cicutarium Red-stem filaree Synonyms: red stemmed filaree |
| Eschrichtius robustus |
| Eschscholtzia californica California poppy |
| Eschscholzia californica California poppy Synonyms: California poppies |
| Eschscholzia parishii Desert poppy Range: Southern Mojave and Colorado deserts, Anza Borrego desert Synonyms: Parish's poppy |
| Eucalyptus sp. |
| Eudistylia polymorpha Feather duster worm |
| Eudyptes chrysocome Rockhopper penguin |
| Eudyptes chrysocome chrysocome Western rockhopper penguin |
| Eudyptes chrysolophus Macaroni penguin |
| Eumeces schneideri algeriensis Berber's skink |
| Eumetopias jubatus Steller sea lion Range: North Pacific rim from Northern Japan through the Bering Sea to Northern California. Status: Endangered (IUCN), Endangered (ESA) Synonyms: Northern sea lion |
| Euphausia pacifica |
| Eurypterus remipes |
| Ferocactus cylindraceus Red barrel cactus Syn: Ferocactus acanthodes Range: Mojave desert, rocky slopes Synonyms: Compass barrel cactus |
| Fistularia commersonii Blue-spotted coronetfish Range: Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa to the Rapa and Easter Islands, north to southern Japan, south to Australia and New Zealand (Ref. 5755); including, Mexico to Panama, including offshore islands |
| Flabellina iodinea Spanish shawl nudibranch Synonyms: Flabellinopsis iodinea |
| Flabellina trilineata Aeolid nudibranch |
| Forcipiger flavissimus Yellow longnose butterflyfish Range: Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa (Ref. 12484) to the Hawaiian and Easter islands, north to southern Japan, south to Lord Howe Island; throughout Micronesia. Eastern Pacific: southern Baja California, Mexico and from the Revillagigedo and Galapagos Islands Synonyms: forceps butterflyfish, yellow long-nose butterfly |
| Fouquieria splendens Ocotillo Range: North America: Sonoran and Chihuahuan deserts north to the southern Mohave Desert, south to central Mexico, and east to central Texas. Synonyms: Candlewood, Slimwood, Coachwhip, Vine Cactus, Flaming Sword, Jacob's Staff, albarda, ocotillo del corral, barda |
| Fratercula arctica |
| Fregata magnificens Magnificent frigatebird Synonyms: Magnificent frigate bird |
| Fregata minor Great frigatebird Synonyms: Great frigate bird |
| Fregata sp. |
| Fritillaria biflora Chocolate lily |
| Fulica americana American coot |
| Gadus macrocephalus Pacific cod |
| Galeocerdo cuvier Tiger shark Range: Circumglobal in tropical and temperate seas. Western Atlantic: Massachusetts, USA to Uruguay, including Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean. Eastern Atlantic: Iceland to Angola. Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa to Hawaii and Tahiti, north to southern Japan, south to New Zealand. Eastern Pacific: southern California, USA to Peru, including the Revillagigedo, Cocos, and Galapagos islands. Highly migratory species. Synonyms: Requin tigre, tiburon tigre, tigerhai |
| Garrulax canorus Hwamei Range: China, Taiwan, Indochina |
| Garrulax milnei sharpei Red-tailed laughing thrush Range: Indochina |
| Gasterosteus aculeatus Three-spined stickleback Range: Europe: in most rivers except in much of the Danube system; also found in the Mediterranean and Black seas. Africa: known only from Mifidja near Algiers. North Pacific: Korea to Bering Sea and to Baja California, Mexico; in sea only as far south as Monterey Bay, California, USA. North Atlantic: Chesapeake Bay to Hudson Bay and Baffin Island. |
| Gazella dama mhorr Mhorrs gazelle Range: Morocco Status: Endangered (ESA) |
| Geochelone nigra Galapagos tortoise |
| Geococcyx californianus Greater roadrunner |
| Geophagus altifrons Earth-eating cichlid Range: South America Synonyms: Earth-eater cichlid |
| Geraea canescens Desert sunflower Synonyms: hairy desert sunflower |
| Gerrhosaurus validus Giant plated lizard Synonyms: Gerrhosaurus vallidus |
| Gibbonsia montereyensis Crevice rockfish |
| Ginglymostoma cirratum Nurse shark Range: Western Atlantic: Rhode Island, USA to southern Brazil, including the Gulf of Mexico and Carribean, Antilles. Eastern Atlantic: Cape Verde to Gabon; accidental to France. Eastern Pacific: Gulf of California and southern Baja California, Mexico to Peru |
| Giraffa camelopardalis tippelskirchi Masai giraffe Range: Africa: Southern Kenya and Tanzania |
| Girella nigricans Opaleye perch Range: Eastern Central Pacific: Central California to southern Baja, Mexico |
| Globicephala macrorhynchus Shortfin pilot whale Range: Oceanic Synonyms: short-finned pilot whale |
| Glossolepis incisus Red rainbowfish Range: Asia: Lake Sentani in Irian Jaya, Indonesia |
| Gorgonia ventalina Purple sea fan Synonyms: purple gorgonean |
| Gramma loreto Royal gramma basslet Range: Western Central Atlantic: Bermuda, Bahamas, and Central America to northern South America |
| Gramma melacara Blackcap gramma basslet Range: Western Central Atlantic: West Indies including the Bahamas and Central America. |
| Grampus griseus Risso's dolphin Synonyms: risso dolphin, risso whale |
| Grapsus grapsus Sally lightfoot crab |
| Grus canadensis Sandhill crane |
| Gygis alba Fairy tern Synonyms: white tern, camar |
| Gymnocorymbus ternetzi Black tetra Range: South America: Paraguay and Guapore river basins Synonyms: long-finned black tetra |
| Gymnothorax castaneus |
| Gymnothorax favagineus Honeycomb moray eel |
| Gymnothorax mordax California moray eel Range: Eastern Pacific: Point Conception in California, USA to southern Baja California in Mexico. Also includes the Galápagos Islands |
| Haematopus leucopodus Magellanic oystercatcher |
| Haemulon album White margate Range: Western Atlantic: Florida Keys (USA), Bermuda, and Bahamas to Brazil. Found throughout the West Indies |
| Haemulon flavolineatum French grunt Range: Western Atlantic: Bermuda, South Carolina (USA), and northern Gulf of Mexico to Brazil; throughout the West Indies and the coasts of Central America |
| Haliaeetus leucocephalus Bald eagle Range: North America south to northern Mexico Status: Threatened (ESA) |
| Haliaeetus leucocephalus washingtoniensis Bald eagle |
| Halichoeres semicinctus Rock wrasse Range: Eastern Pacific: Point Conception in California, USA to Guadalupe Island (off north-central Baja California) and the Gulf of California in Mexico |
| Haliotis corrugata Pink abalone |
| Haliotis fulgens Green abalone |
| Haliotis rufescens Red abalone |
| Hedypnois cretica Crete weed |
| Helianthella uniflora |
| Helianthus niveus canescens Dune sunflower |
| Heliconius charitonius Zebra longwing butterfly |
| Heliconius erato Small postman butterfly |
| Hemilepidotus hemilepidotus Red Irish Lord |
| Hemiscyllium ocellatum Epaulette shark |
| Heniochus acuminatus Longfin pennantfish Synonyms: long-finned pennant fish |
| Hermissenda crassicornis Opalescent nudibranch Range: Kodiak Island, Alaska to Punta Eugenia, Baja California, Mexico; also Japan |
| Hermosilla azurea Zebra perch Range: Eastern Central Pacific: Monterey Bay in California, USA to Gulf of California Synonyms: sea chubb, zebra chubb |
| Hesperocallis undulata Desert lily |
| Heteroconger hassi |
| Heterodontus francisci Horn shark Range: Eastern Pacific: central California, USA to the Gulf of California, and probably Ecuador and Peru Synonyms: horned shark |
| Heterostichus rostratus Giant kelpfish Range: Eastern Pacific: California, USA to southern Baja California, Mexico including Guadalupe Island |
| Hexagrammos decagrammus Kelp greenling |
| Hippocampus abdominalis Pot-bellied seahorse Range: Southeastern Australia and New Zealand Synonyms: Pot belly seahorse |
| Hippocampus barbouri Barbour's seahorse Range: Philippines and Indonesia. |
| Hippocampus erectus Lined seahorse Range: Western Atlantic Ocean (Nova Scotia to Venezuela) |
| Hippocampus reidi Longsnout seahorse Range: Western Atlantic. |
| Hippocampus sp. Seahorse |
| Hippodiplosia insculpta Flute bryozoan |
| Hippopotamus amphibius Hippo Range: Africa Synonyms: hippo |
| Hippotragus niger kirkii Zambian sable antelope Range: Africa: Angola to Zambia |
| Holacanthus clarionensis Clarion angelfish Range: Eastern Central Pacific: southern tip of Baja California, Mexico; also from Clarion, and the Revillagigedo Group off the western coast of Mexico and from Clipperton Island Synonyms: Clarion angel fish, Holocanthus clarionensis |
| Holacanthus passer King angelfish Range: Eastern Pacific: Gulf of California to Peru, including the Galapagos Islands Synonyms: passer angelfish, angel real, Holocanthus passer |
| Hordeum murinum Foxtail barley |
| Hydractinia milleri Hedgehog hydroid |
| Hydrolagus colliei Spotted ratfish Range: Eastern Pacific: Cape Spencer, Alaska to Bahía Sebastian Vizcaíno, Baja California (Mexico). |
| Hydrurga leptonyx Leopard seal |
| Hyperprosopon anale Spotfin surfperch Range: Eastern Pacific: Oregon, USA to central Baja California, Mexico Synonyms: spot-fin seaperch |
| Hypsopsetta guttulata Diamond turbot |
| Hypsurus caryi Rainbow surfperch Range: Eastern Pacific: Cape Mendocino in northern California, USA to northern Baja California, Mexico Synonyms: rainbow seaperch |
| Hypsypops rubicundus |
| Icterus bullockii Bullock's oriole |
| Icterus cucullatus Hooded oriole |
| Irena puella sikkimensis Blue-backed fairy bluebird Range: Thailand |
| Jenneria pustulata Jenner's cowrie Range: Gulf of California to Ecuador |
| Johnrandallia nigrirostris Barberfish Range: Eastern Pacific: Gulf of California to Panama, including the Cocos, Malpelo and Galapagos Islands Synonyms: barber fish, mariposa barbero, blacknosed butterflyfish |
| Katsuwonus pelamis Skipjack tuna Range: Cosmopolitan in tropical and warm-temperate waters. Not found in the eastern Mediterranean Sea and the Black Sea. Highly migratory species |
| Kelletia kelleti Kellet's whelk |
| Kyphosus analogous Striped sea chub Synonyms: Striped sea chubb |
| Kyphosus elegans Cortez chubb Range: Eastern Pacific: Gulf of California to Ecuador, including the Galapagos Islands |
| Kyphosus vaigiensis Brassy chub Range: Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa south to South Africa and eastward to the Hawaiian, Tuamotu, and Rapa Islands; throughout Micronesia Synonyms: brassy chubb, lowfin rudderfish, lowfin drum |
| Labidochromis sp. Lions' cove yellow labido Range: Lake Malawi |
| Lactoria cornuta Longhorn cowfish Range: Indo-Pacific |
| Lagenorhynchus obliquidens |
| Larus delawarensis Ring-billed gull Synonyms: Ring billed gull |
| Larus dominicanus Kelp gull |
| Larus glaucescens Glaucus-winged gull Synonyms: Glaucus wing gull |
| Larus heermanni |
| Larus occidentalis Western gull |
| Larus sp. |
| Lasthenia sp. Goldfields |
| Layia glandulosa White tidy-tips |
| Lepisosteus oculatus Spotted gar |
| Lepomis megalotis Longear sunfish Range: United States: watersheds of the Mississippi River and Great Lakes. Synonyms: long-ear sunfish, long-eared sunfish |
| Leporinus affinis Headstander Range: South America: Amazon River basin Synonyms: Leporinus fasciatus, black-banded leporinus |
| Leptonychotes weddellii Weddell seal |
| Lepus alleni Antelope jackrabbit |
| Leucocarbo atriceps Imperial shag Synonyms: Blue-eyed shag |
| Leucocarbo atriceps georgianus South Georgia shag |
| Leucothea pulchra Pelagic ctenophore Synonyms: lobate comb jelly |
| Leuresthes tenuis California grunion Range: Baja California to Monterey Bay, although most significant spawning events are observed south of Point Conception. |
| Limnodromus sp. Dowitcher |
| Limosa fedoa Marbled godwit |
| Linanthus dianthiflorus Ground pink |
| Linaria canadensis Blue toadflax |
| Linckia columbiae Pacific comet star |
| Lingulodinium polyedrum |
| Liza vaigiensis Diamond scale mullet |
| Lobodon carcinophagus Crabeater seal Synonyms: Crab-eater seal |
| Loligo opalescens Common squid Synonyms: market squid |
| Lophogorgia chilensis |
| Lophonetta specularioides Patagonian crested duck |
| Lotus scoparius scoparius California broom Synonyms: common deerweed, deerweed |
| Loxorhynchus crispetus Decorator crab |
| Loxorhynchus grandis Sheep crab |
| Lupinus arizonicus Arizona lupine |
| Lupinus sp. |
| Lutjanus griseus Mangrove snapper Range: Western Atlantic: Massachusetts, USA and Bermuda southward to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, including West Indies, Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean |
| Lutjanus jordani Jordan's snapper Range: Eastern Pacific: from southern Mexico to Peru; also offshore islands including Mapelo, Cocos and the Galapagos Islands |
| Lutjanus kasmira Bluestrip snapper Range: Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa to the Marquesas and Line Islands, north to southern Japan, south to Australia. Southeast Atlantic: East London, South Africa Synonyms: blue-stripe snapper, blue striped snapper |
| Lutjanus sp. |
| Lutjanus viridis Blue and gold snapper Range: Eastern Pacific: Mexico to Ecuador. Most common at offshore islands including Mapelo, Galapagos, Tres Marias and Revillagigedo Synonyms: blue-gold snapper |
| Lynx rufus Bobcat |
| Lysmata amboinensis Cleaner shrimp |
| Lysmata californica Red Rock Shrimp |
| Lythrypnus dalli |
| Macrobrachium sp. Longarm prawn Synonyms: long-armed prawn, longarm shrimp |
| Macrocystis pyrifera Giant kelp Synonyms: kelp forest, seaweed, sea weed, sea grass, sargazo gigante, harina de kelp, giant kelp, harina de la macroalga, gedroogde kelp, zeewier, reuzenkelp, braendeltang, macroalga marina, Phaeophyceae |
| Macronectes giganteus Southern giant petrel |
| Macronectes halli Northern giant petrel |
| Malacothrix glabrata Desert dandelion |
| Malapterurus electricus Electric catfish Range: Africa: Nile and tropical Africa, Lake Tanganyika |
| Mandelbrot set Mandelbrot Fractal Range: Throughout mathematics (restricted to the complex number plane), and in many parts of the physical and metaphysical world. |
| Manta birostris |
| Marmota flaviventris Yellow-bellied marmot |
| Mastigia sp. |
| Medialuna californiensis Halfmoon perch Range: Eastern Pacific: Vancouver Island in British Columbia, Canada to Gulf of California; rare north of Point Conception in California, USA Synonyms: half moon perch |
| Medusa sp. Medusa fish |
| Megabalanus californicus Acorn barnacle Synonyms: percebes |
| Megaptera novaeangliae Humpback whale Range: Oceanic Status: Vulnerable (IUCN), Endangered (ESA) Synonyms: humpbacked whale, hump back whale |
| Megathura crenulata Giant keyhole limpet |
| Melanerpes formicivorus Acorn woodpecker |
| Melanerpes uropygialis Gila woodpecker |
| Melanotaenia boesemani Boeseman's rainbowfish Range: Asia: known only from the Ajamaru Lakes region in Vogelkop Peninsula, Irian Jaya, Indonesia |
| Melanotaenia trifasciata Banded rainbowfish Range: Coasts and rivers of northwestern Pacific (China south to Vietnam) Synonyms: Goyder River rainbowfish |
| Meleagris gallopavo Wild turkey |
| Membranipora sp. Kelp encrusting bryozoan Synonyms: kelp-encrusting bryozoan |
| Mephitis mephitis |
| Metridium senile Plumose anemone |
| Metynnis hypsauchen Silver dollar fish Range: South America: Amazon and Paraguay River basins Synonyms: Metynnis schreitmuelleri |
| Mexichromis porterae Mexichromis porterae nudibranch Range: California, USA and Baja California, Mexico. |
| Microgadus proximus Pacific tomcod |
| Microspathodon dorsalis |
| Mimulus aurantiacus Sticky-leaf monkeyflower |
| Mioplosus sp. |
| Mirounga angustirostris Elephant seal Synonyms: elefante marino, sea elephant, sea cow |
| Mirounga leonina Southern elephant seal |
| Mitrocoma cellularia Hydromedusa |
| Mobula sp. Mobula ray Synonyms: manta ray, mantaraya |
| Mola mola Ocean sunfish Range: Warm and temperate zones of all oceans. Eastern Pacific: British Columbia, Canada to Peru and Chile. Eastern Atlantic: Scandinavia to South Africa (occasionally western Baltic, Mediterranean). Western Atlantic: Newfoundland, Canada to Argentina Synonyms: sunfish, moonfish, mondfisch, manbow, pez luna, pesce luna |
| Molothrus aeneus Bronzed cowbird |
| Molothrus ater Brown-headed cowbird |
| Monoptilon bellioides Desert star Range: Sonoran desert lower elevations Synonyms: desert sunflower star, daisy desert star, Mojave desert star |
| Morelia amethistina Amethystine python Range: Australia Synonyms: scrub python |
| Morelia boeleni Boelen's python Range: New Guinea |
| Morone saxatilis Striped bass Range: Western Atlantic: St. Lawrence River in Canada to St. John's River in northern Florida and northern Gulf of Mexico; from fresh and brackish tributaries of western Florida to Louisiana in the USA Synonyms: striper, striped sea-bass, striped seabass |
| Mulloidichthys dentatus Mexican goatfish |
| Murex aduncospinosus |
| Murex pecten Venus comb murex |
| Muricea californica California golden gorgonian |
| Muricea fruticosa Brown gorgonian |
| Mustelus californicus Grey smoothhound shark Range: Eastern Pacific: northern California, USA to the Gulf of California |
| Myliobatis californica California bat ray Range: Eastern Pacific: Oregon, USA to Gulf of California and the Galapagos Islands |
| Nannopterum harrisi Flightless cormorant |
| Narcine entemedor Lesser electric ray Range: Eastern Pacific: Gulf of California to Peru Synonyms: lesser torpedo ray, giant electric ray |
| Naso brevirostris Spotted unicornfish Range: Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa to the Hawaiian, Marquesan and Ducie islands, north to southern Japan, south to Lord Howe Island; throughout Micronesia |
| Naso lituratus Orangespine unicornfish Range: Pacific Ocean: Honshu, Japan south to the Great Barrier Reef and New Caledonia; east in Oceania to the Hawaiian Islands, all the islands of French Polynesia, and the Pitcairn Islands. In the eastern Pacific, from Clipperton Island Synonyms: orangespined surgeonfish, orange-spined unicornfish |
| Naso vlamingii Big-nosed unicornfish Range: Indo-Pacific: East Africa to the Line, Marquesan and Tuamotus islands; north to southern Japan, south to the southern Great Barrier Reef and New Caledonia. Throughout Micronesia. |
| Nautichthys oculofasciatus Sailfin sculpin Range: Northeastern Pacific: St. Lawrence I., Alaska to San Miguel I., southern California, USA. Possibly occuring in Japan. Synonyms: sail-fin sculpin, sailor fish |
| Nautilus pompilius Chambered nautilus Range: Indo-Pacific Synonyms: Nautilus macromphalus, Nautilus belairensis |
| Navanax aenigmaticus Range: Pacific Coast of Central America, Caribbean, Atlantic coast of South America |
| Negaprion brevirostris Lemon shark Range: Western Atlantic: New Jersey, USA to southern Brazil, including the Gulf of Mexico, the Bahamas, and the Caribbean; also in Gulf of Mexico. Northeast Atlantic: Senegal, Côte d'Ivoire. Eastern Pacific: southern Baja California and Gulf of California (Mexico) to Ecuador |
| Neoclinus blanchardi Sarcastic fringehead Range: Eastern Pacific: San Francisco to central Baja California |
| Neolamprologus brichardi Lyretail cichlid Range: Africa: Endemic to the northern part of Lake Tanganyika Synonyms: Lamprologus brichardi |
| Neotrypaea californiensis Ghost shrimp |
| Niphates digitalis Pink Vase Sponge Range: Caribbean |
| Nolina parryi |
| Norrisia norrisi Norris' top snail |
| Notophthalmus viridescens Eastern newt Range: Eastern United States |
| Numenius phaeopus Whimbrel |
| Nycticorax nycticorax Black-crowned night heron |
| Octopus dofleini Giant Pacific octopus |
| Octopus sp. |
| Odocoileus hemionus Mule deer Synonyms: black-tail deer |
| Oenothera californica eurekensis Eureka valley dune evening primrose Synonyms: Eureka dune evening primrose |
| Oenothera deltoides Dune primrose Synonyms: desert primrose |
| Oliva lignaria Ornate olive Range: Indian Ocean; Indian to Western Australia |
| Oliva lignaria cryptospira Ornate olive Range: Indian Ocean; Indian to Western Australia |
| Oliva lignaria fordi Ornate olive Range: Indian Ocean; Indian to Western Australia |
| Oliva mustellina Mustellina Olive |
| Olivella biplicata Olive snail |
| Oncorhynchus aguabonita Golden Trout Range: North America: Upper Kern River basin, Tulare and Kern counties in California, USA Notable: The Golden Trout is the state fish of California. Synonyms: Oncorhynchus mykiss aguabonita, Oncorhynchus aguabonita whitei |
| Oncorhynchus nerka Sockeye salmon |
| Oncorhynchus tshawytscha Chinook salmon Synonyms: King salmon |
| Ophioblennius steindachneri Panamic fanged blenny Range: Eastern Pacific: Bahía Sebastían Vizcaino and the northern Gulf of California (Isla Angel de la Guarda and Puerto Lobos) to Peru, including the Galapagos Islands Synonyms: large-banded blenny |
| Ophiodon elongatus Lingcod Range: Northeast Pacific: Gulf of Alaska to Northern Baja California, Mexico Synonyms: ling cod, ling-cod |
| Ophiothrix spiculata |
| Opistognathus rosenblatti Blue-spotted jawfish |
| Opuntia Cholla cactus |
| Opuntia acanthocarpa Buckhorn cholla cactus |
| Opuntia basilaris Beavertail cactus |
| Opuntia bigelovii Teddy-bear cholla Range: North America: southwestern region including Sonoran, Colorado and Mohave Deserts. Synonyms: jumping cholla, teddybear cholla |
| Opuntia littoralis Coast prickly pear cactus |
| Opuntia sp. Cholla cactus |
| Orcinus orca Killer whale |
| Orthopristis forbesi Galapagos grunt Range: Southeast Pacific: endemic to the Galapagos Islands |
| Orthopristis sp. |
| Oryx leucoryx Arabian oryx Range: Extinct in the wild. Formerly: Arabian and Sinai peninsulas, Jordan, Syria and Iraq. Reintroduced to Oman in the 1980's. Status: Extinct (IUCN), Endangered (ESA) |
| Osteoglossum bicirrhosum Silver arowana |
| Ovis canadensis nelsoni Desert bighorn sheep Range: Southwestern deserts of the United States and Mexico Status: Endangered (IUCN) Synonyms: peninsular bighorn sheep, bighorn sheep |
| Ovula ovum Common Egg Cowrie Range: Indo-Pacific |
| Oxalis pes-caprae Bermuda buttercup |
| Oxycirrhites typus Longnose hawkfish Range: Indo-Pacific: Red Sea to the Hawaiian Islands, north to southern Japan, south to New Caledonia; throughout Micronesia. Eastern Pacific: Gulf of California to northern Colombia and the Galapagos Islands Synonyms: longsnout hawkfish |
| Oxyjulis californica |
| Oxylebius pictus Painted greenling Range: Eastern Pacific: Kodiak Island, Alaska to Point San Carlos, central Baja California, Mexico |
| Oxyuranus scutellatus Australian Taipan viper |
| Pachycereus pringlei Cardon cactus |
| Pachycerianthus fimbriatus |
| Pachygrapus crassipes Lined shore crab |
| Pachyptila Prion |
| Pagurus granosimanus Hermit crab |
| Pagurus sp. Hermit crab |
| Pandalus platycaros Spot prawn |
| Pandion haliaetus Osprey |
| Panthera tigris altaica Siberian tiger Range: Uninhabited mountain forests of the Amur Basin to Siberia Status: Endangered (IUCN), Endangered (ESA) |
| Panulirus interruptus Spiny lobster |
| Papilloculiceps longiceps Indian Ocean crocodile fish Range: Western Pacific: known from the Philippines, Borneo, Moluccas, Papua New Guinea, New Caledonia, Palau, and Yap Island to Ishigaki Island, Mentawai Islands (Indonesia) Synonyms: tentacled flathead, Cymbacephalus beauforti |
| Parabuteo unicinctus Harris' hawk Synonyms: Harris hawk |
| Paracanthurus hepatus Palette surgeonfish Range: Indo-Pacific. Notable: Paracanthurus hepatus was made famous as the character Dory in the animated motion picture "Finding Nemo". Synonyms: blue surgeonfish, blue tang, dory, hapetus tang, flagtail surgeonfish, indo-pacific blue tang, palette surgeon, wedgetail blue tang, wedge-tail blue tang, regal tang, blue tang, paracanthus hepatus, paracanthurus hepetus, dory fish |
| Paracirrhites arcatus Arc eye hawkfish Range: Indo-Pacific: East Africa to the Hawaiian, Line and Mangareva islands, north to southern Japan, south to Australia and Rapa; throughout Micronesia Synonyms: arc-eye hawkfish |
| Paracirrhites forsteri Blackside hawkfish Range: Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa to the Hawaiian, Line, Marquesan and Ducie islands, north to southern Japan, south to New Caledonia and the Austral Islands; throughout Micronesia and also known from the Society Islands Synonyms: black-side hawkfish |
| Paracyathus stearnsi Brown cup coral |
| Paralabrax clathratus |
| Paralabrax maculatofasciatus Spotted sandbass Range: Eastern Central Pacific: Monterey in California, USA to Mexico, including the Gulf of California Synonyms: spotted sand bass |
| Paralithodes californiensis Spiny king crab |
| Paranthias colonus |
| Parapeneus margaritatus Pearly goatfish |
| Parapholas californica Scale-sided piddock |
| Parastichopus californicus California sea cucumber |
| Parastichopus parvimensis Warty sea cucumber |
| Parazoanthus lucificum Zoanthid anemone Synonyms: zooanthid, parazooanthus |
| Parophrys vetulus English sole Range: Eastern Pacific: Bering Sea to Bahia San Cristobal, central Baja California, Mexico Synonyms: Pleuronectes vetulus |
| Passer domesticus House sparrow |
| Pegea confoederata Salp Synonyms: pelagic tunicate, salp chain |
| Pelagia noctiluca |
| Pelagophycus porra Elkhorn kelp Synonyms: elk kelp |
| Pelecanus erythrorhynchos White pelican |
| Pelecanus occidentalis |
| Pelecanus occidentalis californicus California brown pelican Range: Nesting by this subspecies is restricted to islands in the Gulf of California and along the outer coast from Baja California to West Anacapa and Santa Barbara Islands in Southern California. Non-breeding California brown pelicans range northward along the Pacific Coast from the Gulf of California to Washington and southern British Columbia. Roosting and loafing sites provide important resting habitat for breeding and non-breeding birds. Important roosting sites include offshore rocks and islands, river mouths with sand bars, breakwaters, pilings, and jetties along the Pacific Coast and San Francisco Bay. Notable: The brown pelican was listed as endangered in 1970 because of widespread pollutant-related reproductive failures. They are extremely sensitive to bioaccumulation of the pesticide DDT, which causes reproductive failure by altering calcium metabolism and thinning eggshells. In 1985, brown pelicans on the Atlantic Coast, had recovered enough that they could be removed from the endangered species list. Although California breeding populations have rebounded since the elimination of DDT use, persistent residues in the coastal environment continue to cause chronic reproductive problems. Despite the banning of DDT, some birds still show relatively high levels of pesticides in their tissues. Pelicans are dependent on northern anchovies and Pacific sardines, which have declined due to over-fishing by humans. Breeding populations and nesting productivity vary dramatically from year to year depending on El Nino events and other climatic changes. Pelicans are also threatened by the possibility of oil spills from tanker traffic in the Santa Barbara Channel, disturbance at post-breeding roosts on the central California coast, entanglement with hooks and fishing line, and disease outbreaks resulting from overcrowding in harbors. Status: Endangered (IUCN), Endangered (ESA) |
| Pennisetum setaceum Fountain grass |
| Perityle emoryi Rock daisy |
| Phacelia distans Wild heliotrope Synonyms: common phacelia |
| Phacelia sp. Heliotrope |
| Phacellophora camtschatica Fried egg jellyfish Synonyms: fried egg jelly, egg yolk jellyfish, egg yolk jelly fish |
| Phaethon aethereus Red-billed tropicbird Synonyms: redbilled tropic bird, red billed tropic bird |
| Phaethon rubricauda Red-tailed tropicbird Synonyms: redtail tropic bird, red tailed tropic bird |
| Phalacrocorax atriceps Imperial shag Synonyms: Blue-eyed shag |
| Phalacrocorax atriceps georgianus South Georgia shag |
| Phalacrocorax auritus Double-crested cormorant |
| Phalacrocorax harrisi Flightless cormorant |
| Phalacrocorax penicillatus Brandt's cormorant |
| Phalacrocorax sp. |
| Phalcoboenus australis Straited caracara |
| Phanerodon furcatus White seaperch Range: Eastern Pacific: Vancouver (Canada) to northern Baja California (Mexico) Synonyms: white surfperch |
| Phareodus sp. |
| Pharia pyramidata |
| Phataria unifascialis |
| Pheucticus melanocephalus Black-headed grosbeak |
| Phidolopora labiata Lacy bryozoan Synonyms: Phidolopora pacifica |
| Phoca vitulina richardsi |
| Phoebastria irrorata Waved albatross |
| Phoenicopterus ruber Greater flamingo |
| Pholis laeta Crescent gunnel Range: Eastern Pacific: Bering Sea coast of Alaska and the Aleutian Islands to Crescent City, northern California, USA |
| Phrynosoma Horned lizard |
| Phycodurus eques Leafy Seadragon Range: Southern coastline of Australia extending from Kangaroo Island, South Australia to Rottnest Island, Western Australia. Synonyms: leafy sea dragon |
| Phyllopteryx taeniolatus Weedy Seadragon Range: Southern Australia. Synonyms: weedy sea dragon |
| Phyllospadix sp. Surfgrass Synonyms: surf grass, sea grass, surf weed |
| Physeter macrocephalus Sperm whale Status: Vulnerable (IUCN) Synonyms: Cachalot, Pottwal, Potvis, Kaskelot, Spermhval, Capodoglio, Cachalote, Balaia, Phisetiras, Burhvalur, Makkoh kujira, Sea guap |
| Picoides arizonae Arizona woodpecker |
| Pinus albicaulis Whitebark pine Synonyms: scrub pine |
| Pinus contortus Lodgepole pine tree |
| Pinus longaeva Bristlecone Pine Syn: Pinus aristata longaeva Range: Great Basin bristlecone pine occurs in a relatively narrow latitudinal range in California, Nevada, and Utah. In California it occurs on the summits of the Panamint, Inyo, and White mountains of Mono and Inyo counties. Notable: The ancient bristlecone pine tree is considered to be the worlds oldest species of tree (and indeed the world's oldest sexually reproducing, nonclonal lifeform). A number of individual bristlecone pine trees are known to exceed 4000 years of age; the "Methuselah tree" in the Schulman grove was estimated to be 4838 years old in 2006. These extraordinarily hardy, gnarled and lonely trees are best seen in the White Mountains of California, where two exemplary groves (Schulman and Patriarch) can be accessed by car. Synonyms: Ancient Bristlecone, Great Basin Bristlecone Pine, Western Bristlecone Pine |
| Pinus torreyana Torrey pine tree Range: San Diego coastal chaparral |
| Pipilo fuscus Canyon towhee |
| Pisaster giganteus Giant sea star Synonyms: giant starfish |
| Pituophis catenifer Gopher snake |
| Placiphorella velata Carnivorous chiton |
| Platyrhinoidis triseriata Thornback ray Range: Eastern Pacific: San Francisco, USA to Baja California, Mexico |
| Plectropomus areolatus Squaretail coralgrouper Range: Indo-Pacific: Red Sea to the Phoenix Islands and Samoa, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to Australia Synonyms: square-tail coral grouper |
| Plectropomus laevis Saddleback grouper Range: Indo-Pacific: Kenya to Delagoa Bay, Mozambique, eastward to the Tuamotus, north to the Ryukyu Islands, south to Queensland, Ausralia and including most islands of the Indian Ocean and of western and central Pacific Synonyms: Plectropomus maculatus, saddle grouper, Blacksaddled coralgrouper |
| Plectropomus maculatus Spotted coralgrouper Range: Western Pacific: Thailand, Singapore, Philippines, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, the Arafura Sea, Solomon Islands, and Western Australia Synonyms: spotted coral grouper |
| Plerogyra sinuosa Bubble coral |
| Pleurodeles waltl Spanish ribbed newt Range: Spain, Portugal and Morocco Synonyms: Sharp Ribbed Newt, Ribbed Newt, Iberian Ribbed Newt, Iberian Newt |
| Pleuroncodes planipes Pelagic red crab Synonyms: red crab, tuna crab, pelagic crab, pelagic tuna crab, langostilla |
| Pleuronichthys coenosus C-O sole Range: Northeastern Pacific: Sitka, southeastern Alaska to Bahia San Quintin, northern Baja California, Mexico. Synonyms: C-O turbot, popeye |
| Plexaurella sp. Sea rod soft coral |
| Podilymbus podiceps Pied-billed grebe |
| Podothecus accipenserinus Sturgeon poacher |
| Pogonoperca punctata Spotted Soapfish Range: Indo-Pacific: Comoros to the Line, Marquesan and Society islands, north to southern Japan, south to New Caledonia; Guam and Kwajalein in Marshall Islands. Synonyms: Clown grouper, Mero payaso |
| Polinices lewisii Moon snail |
| Pollicipes polymerus Gooseneck barnacle Synonyms: goose-neck barnacle |
| Polypterus sp. Bichir Range: African rivers and lakes. |
| Pomacanthus asfur Arabian angelfish Range: Western Indian Ocean: Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden. Synonyms: Red Sea angelfish |
| Pomacanthus imperator Emperor angelfish |
| Pomacanthus paru French angelfish Range: Western Atlantic: Florida, USA and Bahamas to Brazil. Also Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Synonyms: French angel fish |
| Pomacanthus semicirculatus Semicircle angelfish Range: Indo-Pacific. Synonyms: koran angelfish, koran angel, half-circled angelfish |
| Pomacanthus xanthometopon Blueface angelfish Range: Indo-Pacific. Synonyms: yellowface angelfish, blue face angel, blue-faced angelfish, yellow-faced angelfish, yellow face angel, yellowmask angelfish |
| Populus tremuloides Aspen Range: North America Synonyms: Quaking Aspen |
| Porolithon sp. Coralline algae |
| Portunus xantusii Xantus' swimming crab |
| Potomotrygon motoro Freshwater stingray |
| Premnas biaculeatus Spinecheek clownfish Synonyms: maroon clownfish |
| Prinolepis cataphractus |
| Prionace glauca Blue shark Range: Oceanic, highly migratory. Circumglobal in temperate and tropical waters. Western Atlantic: Newfoundland, Canada to Argentina. Central Atlantic. Eastern Atlantic: Norway to South Africa, including the Mediterranean. Indo-West Pacific: East Africa to Indonesia, Japan, Australia, New Caledonia, and New Zealand. Eastern Pacific: Gulf of Alaska to Chile. Synonyms: great blue shark, requin bleu |
| Prionurus laticlavius Yellow-tailed surgeonfish Range: Eastern Central Pacific: Costa Rica to Colombia, including the Revillagigedo, Cocos and Galapagos islands Synonyms: yellowtailed surgeonfish, yellow tail surgeon fish |
| Pristigenys serrula Popeye catalufa Range: Eastern Pacific: Monterey Bay in California, along continental shelf to Peru, including Revillagigedo, Cocos and the Galapagos Islands |
| Prognathodes falcifer Scythe-mark butterflyfish Range: Eastern Pacific: Santa Catalina Island, southern California, USA to Peru, including the Galapagos Islands Synonyms: Scythe butterfly, scythe-marked butterfly fish, Chaetodon falcifer |
| Protobothrops jerdoni Chinese mountain viper Range: China |
| Protopterus annectens African lungfish Notable: Lungfish belong to a prehistoric group of fishes that lived over 300 million years ago. When submerged, these fish must occasionally swim to the surface and gulp air or they will drown. The African lungfish has adapted to survive out of water for several years. When swamp waters recede, the lungfish burrows into the mud and covers itself with a thick coat of slime. The slime hardens into a cocoon which prevents the lungfish from drying out. The lungfish emerges from its cocoon after the first seasonal rains refill the swamp. |
| Pseudanthias dispar Pacific flame anthias |
| Pseudanthias hypselosoma Stocky anthias Range: Indo-Pacific: Maldives to Samoa, north to Taiwan and the Ryukyu Islands, south to the Great Barrier Reef |
| Pseudanthias pascalus Purple Queen anthias Range: Pacific Ocean: Bali and the Ryukyu Islands to the Tuomoto Islands, north to southern Japan, south to Australia and New Caledonia; throughout Micronesia Synonyms: amethyst anthias |
| Pseudanthias pleurotaenia Square-spot fairy basslet Range: Pacific Ocean: Indonesia to Samoa, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to Rowley Shoals and New Caledonia. Throughout Micronesia Synonyms: squarespot anthias, square spotted anthias |
| Pseudanthias sp. Anthias Range: Indo-Pacific. |
| Pseudanthias squamipinnis Jewel fairy basslet Range: Indo-Pacific. Synonyms: fairy basslet, lyretail anthias, sea goldie, lyretail coralfish, lyretail anthias, orange basslet, orange seaperch, red coral perch, scalefin anthias, scalefin basslet, scalefin fairy basslet, lyretail fairy basslet |
| Pseudochromis sankeyi Striped dottyback Range: Western Indian Ocean: Gulf of Aden and the southwestern part of the Red Sea |
| Pseudopus apodus European glass lizard Range: Southeastern Europe Synonyms: Ophisaurus apodus |
| Pseudorca crassidens False killer whale |
| Pseudotropheus estherae Red zebra mbuna Range: Lake Malawi Synonyms: Metriaclima estherae, Maylandia estherae |
| Pseudotropheus zebra Piebald zebra mbuna Range: Lake Malawi |
| Pseudotsuga menziesii Douglas fir tree |
| Psorothamnus spinosa Smoketree |
| Pterapogon kauderni Banggai cardinalfish Range: Western Central Pacific: Restricted to Banggai Islands and Lembeh Strait, Indonesia Synonyms: Banggai cardinal fish |
| Ptereleotris zebra Zebra dartfish Range: Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and islands in the western Indian Ocean to the Line and Marquesan Islands, north to the Ryukyu Islands, south to the southern Great Barrier Reef; Mariana and Marshall Islands in Micronesia Synonyms: chinese zebra goby |
| Pterois miles Lionfish Range: Indian Ocean: Red Sea south to Port Alfred, South Africa and east to Sumatra, Indonesia. Also known in eastern Mediterranean Synonyms: lion fish, devil firefish |
| Pterois volitans Lionfish |
| Pterophyllum altum Altum angelfish Range: South America: Amazon and Oronoco River basins |
| Pteroplatytrygon violacea |
| Pugettia producta Northern kelp crab |
| Puma concolor Mountain lion Range: American continent, from Canada to Peru Synonyms: Cougar, Deer tiger, Moutain lion, Red tiger, Catamount, Panther, León, León colorado, León de montaña, León americano, León bayo, Mitzli, Onza bermeja |
| Pycnopodia helianthoides Sunflower star Synonyms: sunflower starfish, giant starfish |
| Pygocentrus nattereri Red piranha Range: South America: Amazon River basin, Paraguay-Paraná River basin, Brazilian coastal rivers Synonyms: red-bellied piranha |
| Pygoscelis adeliae Adelie penguin |
| Pygoscelis antarcticus Chinstrap penguin |
| Pygoscelis papua Gentoo penguin |
| Python molurus bivittatus Burmese python Range: Southeast Asia |
| Quercus sp. |
| Rafinesquia neomexicana Desert chicory |
| Rangifer tarandus Reindeer |
| Raphanus sativus Wild radish |
| Rathbunella hypoplecta Stripedfin ronquil Range: Eastern Pacific: San Francisco to northern Baja California |
| Recurvirostra americana American avocet |
| Remora sp. |
| Rhacochilus toxotes Rubberlip surfperch Range: Eastern Pacific: Mendocino County in northern California, USA to central Baja California in Mexico, including Guadalupe Island. Synonyms: rubber-lip seaperch |
| Rhacochilus vacca Pile surfperch Range: Eastern Pacific: Wrangell, southeastern Alaska to Guadalupe Island. Synonyms: pile seaperch |
| Rhamphocottus richardsoni Grunt sculpin |
| Rhincodon typus |
| Rhinobatos productus Shovelnose guitarfish Range: Eastern Pacific: San Francisco, USA to the Gulf of California Synonyms: shovelnose guitar fish |
| Rhinogobiops nicholsii Blackeye goby Range: Eastern Pacific: Wales Island, northern British Columbia, Canada to Punta Rompiente, central Baja California, Mexico Synonyms: black-eyed goby, Coryphopterus nicholsi |
| Rhinopias frondossa Weedy scorpionfish |
| Rhinopias sp. Scorpionfish |
| Ronquilus jordani Northern ronquil |
| Rynchops niger Black skimmer |
| Salvelinus malma Dolly varden Range: Arctic and Northeast Pacific: drainages from Alaska to Puget Sound, Washington, USA Synonyms: spotted trout |
| Salvia mellifera Black sage |
| Sarcophyton sp. Mushroom leather coral |
| Sargocentron sp. Squirrelfish Synonyms: squirrel fish |
| Scalesia sp. |
| Scarus vetula Queen parrotfish Range: Western Central Atlantic: Bermuda, Florida (USA), and Bahamas to northern South America; throughout the Caribbean Sea |
| Sciurus niger Eastern fox squirrel |
| Scomber japonicus Pacific mackerel |
| Scorpaena mystes Pacific spotted scorpionfish Range: Eastern Pacific: California, USA to northern Chile, including the Galapagos Islands Synonyms: stone scorpion fish, lapon, peces escorpion, spotted scorpionfish |
| Scorpaenichthys marmoratus Cabezon Range: Eastern Pacific: Southeastern Alaska to central Baja California, Mexico |
| Scorpaenodes xyris Rainbow scorpionfish Range: Eastern Pacific: California, USA to Peru and the Galapagos Islands Synonyms: rainbow scorpion fish |
| Scorpaenopsis oxycephala Flathead scorpionfish Range: Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea and Sodwana Bay, South Africa to the Mariana Islands, north to Taiwan; Palau and Guam in Micronesia Synonyms: flathead scorpion fish, Scorpaenopsis oxycephalus |
| Scorpaenpsis sp. |
| Scyllarides squamosus Slipper lobster |
| Sebastes atrovirens Kelp rockfish Range: Eastern Pacific: Central California, USA to central Baja California, Mexico |
| Sebastes carnatus Gopher rockfish Range: Eastern Pacific: Eureka in northern California, USA to central Baja California, Mexico |
| Sebastes caurinus Copper rockfish Range: Eastern Pacific: Kenai Peninsula, Gulf of Alaska to central Baja California, Mexico. |
| Sebastes chrysomelas Black-and-yellow rockfish Range: Eastern Pacific: Northern California, USA to central Baja California, Mexico |
| Sebastes ciliatus Dusky rockfish Range: North Pacific: Zhemchug Canyon in the Bering Sea and Agattu Island in the Aleutian chain to Johnstone Strait, British Columbia |
| Sebastes constellatus Starry rockfish Range: Eastern Pacific: San Francisco to southern Baja California |
| Sebastes diploproa Splitnosed rockfish Range: Northeast Pacific: Alaska Peninsula to Cedros I., Baja California and the Gulf of California in Mexico. Synonyms: Split-nose rockfish, lobe-jawed rockfish |
| Sebastes flavidus Yellowtail rockfish |
| Sebastes maliger Quillback rockfish Range: Eastern Pacific: Prince William Sound, Gulf of Alaska to Point Sur, central California, USA |
| Sebastes melanops Black rockfish |
| Sebastes miniatus Vermillion rockfish Range: Eastern Pacific from British Columbia to Baja California. Synonyms: Pacific Red Snapper, Pacific Snapper, Oregon Red Snapper, Oregon Snapper, Rot Barsch, Rood Baars, Scorfano, Rocote Bermejo, Galinha-do-Mar, Sebastós, Karmazyn Wermilon, Gulstribet Klippefisk, Rødfisk, Kungsfisk, Uer, Karfi, Puna-Ahven, Menuke |
| Sebastes mystinus Blue rockfish |
| Sebastes nebulosus China rockfish Range: Eastern Pacific: southeast Alaska to Redondo Beach and San Miguel Island, southern California, USA |
| Sebastes nigrocinctus Tiger rockfish |
| Sebastes paucispinis Bocaccio Range: Eastern Pacific: Stepovak Bay, Alaskan Peninsula to Punta Blanca, Baja California, Mexico |
| Sebastes pinniger Canary rockfish Range: Eastern Pacific: south of the Shelikof Strait in the Gulf of Alaska to Cape Colnett, Baja California, Mexico |
| Sebastes rastrelliger Grass rockfish |
| Sebastes rosaceus Rosy rockfish Range: Eastern Pacific: Puget Sound, Washington, USA to central Baja California, Mexico; but doubtful north of California Synonyms: sebastes rosaceous |
| Sebastes ruberrimus Yelloweye rockfish |
| Sebastes rubrivinctus Flag rockfish Range: Eastern Pacific: San Francisco, California, USA to Cape San Quintin, Baja California, Mexico. Synonyms: rocote bandera |
| Sebastes serranoides Olive rockfish Range: Eastern Pacific: Redding Rock in northern California, USA to central Baja California, Mexico |
| Sebastes serriceps Treefish Range: Eastern Central Pacific: San Francisco in California, USA to central Baja California, Mexico Synonyms: tree fish |
| Sebastes sp. |
| Sebastes umbrosus Honeycomb rockfish |
| Sectator ocyurus Rainbow chubb Range: Eastern Pacific: Baja California to Peru, but have been taken in the artificially warmed waters off the Encina Power Plant in San Diego, California, USA, far outside normal range. Northwest Pacific: Hachijôjima, Japan. Central Pacific: Hawaii and the Society Islands Synonyms: bluestriped chubb |
| Selar crumenophthalmus Big eye scad Range: Circumtropical. Indo-Pacific: East Africa to Rapa, north to southern Japan and Hawaiian Islands, south to New Caledonia. Eastern Pacific: Mexico to Peru, including the Galapagos Islands. Western Atlantic: Nova Scotia, Canada, Bermuda and Rio de Janeiro to Sao Paulo, Brazil; throughout the Bahamas, Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea. Eastern Atlantic: Cape Verde to southern Angola Synonyms: bigeye scad, big-eye scad, atulai, purse-eyed scad, akule, silver scad, steenbrass, selar crumenopthalmus |
| Selene brevoortii Mexican lookdown Range: Eastern Pacific: southern tip of Baja California, Mexico to Ecuador. Synonyms: Pacific lookdown |
| Semicossyphus pulcher California sheephead wrasse Range: Eastern Pacific: Monterey Bay in California, USA to Guadalupe Island (off northern central Baja California) and Gulf of California Synonyms: sheep-head wrasse |
| Sepia officinalis Common cuttlefish Range: Eastern Atlantic, from southern Norway to southern Africa. Synonyms: Seppia meditteranea, Tintenfisch, Gemeiner, Gemeiner Tintenfisch, Sepiablæksprutte, Sepia común, Seiche commune, Yleinen mustekala, Seppia, Gewone zeekat, Choco |
| Sequoia sempervirens Coastal Redwood Range: Narrow, 450-mile stretch of California coastline extending from Monterey to Klamath, inland to 35 miles. Synonyms: California redwood |
| Sequoiadendron giganteum |
| Seriola lalandi North Pacific Yellowtail Range: Eastern Pacific: British Columbia, Canada to Chile Synonyms: Seriola lalandei dorsalis, yellowtail amberjack, yellowtail jack, California yellowtail, mossback |
| Serpula vermicularis Serpulid worm |
| Serranocirrhitus latus Sunburst anthias Range: Western Pacific: Japan and Taiwan south to New Caledonia, Fiji, and the Great Barrier Reef; Palau in Micronesia Synonyms: fathead anthias, hawk anthias |
| Serranus tabacarius Tobacco bass Range: Western Atlantic: Bermuda and southern Florida, USA to northern Brazil. Also in Bahamas and Caribbean. |
| Siganus doliatus Barred spinefoot rabbitfish Synonyms: barred rabbitfish, barred spinefoot |
| Siganus punctatus Goldspotted spinefoot rabbitfish Synonyms: goldspotted rabbitfish, goldspotted spinefoot, gold-spotted rabbitfish |
| Siganus unimaculatus Onespot rabbitfish |
| Siganus uspi Bicolored foxface Range: Western Pacific: endemic to Fiji Synonyms: uspi rabbitfish |
| Silene gallica Windmill pink |
| Siratus alabaster Alabaster Murex Range: Japan to Philippines |
| Siren intermedia Lesser siren Range: United States: Mississippi south to Texas, east around Gulf States, and north to North Carolina. |
| Sitta carolinensis White-breasted nuthatch |
| Sparisoma viride Stoplight parrotfish Range: Western Atlantic: southern Florida (USA), Bermuda, Bahamas, and throughout the Caribbean Sea to Brazil |
| Spermophilus armatus Uinta ground squirrel |
| Spermophilus beecheyi California ground squirrel |
| Spermophilus saturatus |
| Spermophilus tereticaudus Round-tailed ground squirrel |
| Sphaeramia nematoptera Pajama cardinalfish |
| Spheciospongia confoederata Gray moon sponge Synonyms: esponge |
| Spheniscus magellanicus Magellanic penguin |
| Spheniscus mendiculus Galapagos penguin Range: Ecuador (Galapagos Islands) Status: Endangered (ESA) |
| Sphoeroides annulatus |
| Sphyraena barracuda Great barracuda Range: Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and east coast of Africa to Hawaii, Marquesas and Tuamotos Islands; throughout Micronesia. Western Atlantic: Massachusetts (USA), Bermuda, and throughout the Caribbean Sea to Brazil. Eastern Atlantic: Sierra Leone, Côte d'Ivoire, Togo, Nigeria, Senegal; Mauritania; St. Paul's Rocks; São Tomé Island Synonyms: greater barracuda |
| Sphyraena idiastes |
| Sphyrna lewini |
| Spirobranchus sp. |
| Spirobranchus spinosus Christmas tree worm Synonyms: annelid worm |
| Spondylus sp. Thorny oyster Synonyms: Spiny oyster |
| Squatina californica |
| Stegastes leucorus leucorus Whitetail gregory Range: Eastern Central Pacific: Mexico, including the Revillagigedo and Guadalupe islands Synonyms: white-tail gregory, white-tailed gregory |
| Stegastes partitus Bicolor damselfish Range: Western Atlantic: including southern Florida (USA), Bahamas, and the Caribbean |
| Stegostoma fasciatum Zebra shark Range: Southeast asia Synonyms: leopard shark |
| Stenella attenuata Pantropical spotted dolphin |
| Stenella frontalis Atlantic spotted dolphin |
| Stenella longirostris |
| Stenopus hispidus Banded coral shrimp |
| Stenotomus chrysops Scup Range: Western Atlantic: Nova Scotia in Canada to Florida in USA |
| Stercorarius antarctica Brown skua |
| Stereolepis gigas Giant black sea bass Range: Eastern Pacific: Humboldt Bay in California, USA to Mexico. Northwest Pacific: Japan Synonyms: giant seabass, black seabass, black sea bass |
| Sterna elegans Elegant tern |
| Sterna forsteri Forster's tern |
| Sterna fuscata Sooty tern |
| Sterna maxima Royal tern |
| Strogylocentrotus franciscanus Red urchin Synonyms: red sea urchin |
| Strombus gigas Queen conch Range: Caribbean, Florida, Bahamas to Bermuda. |
| Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Purple urchin Synonyms: purple sea urchin |
| Stylaster californicus Hydrocoral |
| Sula dactylatra Masked booby Synonyms: masked boobie |
| Sula granti Nazca booby Synonyms: Nazca boobie |
| Sula leucogaster |
| Sula nebouxii |
| Sula sula Red-footed booby Synonyms: red footed booby, red-footed boobie |
| Suricata suricatta Meerkat |
| Sus cebifrons Visayan warty pig Range: Philippines |
| Swallenia alexandrae Eureka dune grass Range: U.S.A. (CA) Status: Endangered (ESA) |
| Sylvilagus audubonii Desert cottontail rabbit |
| Symphysodon discus Wild discus Range: Rio Negro River, Amazon Basin, South America |
| Syngnathus leptorhynchus Bay pipefish Range: Eastern Pacific:Alaska to southern Baja California in Mexico |
| Synodontis multipunctatus Clownfish or squeeker Range: Africa: Lake Tanganyika |
| Tachyeres Brachypterus |
| Tachyeres brachypterus Flightless steamer duck |
| Taeniura lymma Blue-spotted stingray |
| Taeniura meyeni Marbled stingray Range: Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa to southern Japan, Micronesia, tropical Australia and Lord Howe Island. Eastern Pacific: oceanic islands (Cocos and the Galapagos) Synonyms: marbled ray, marble ray, marble stingray, Taeniura meyeri, blotched fantail ray, black-spotted stingray |
| Tambja eliora Tambja eliora nudibranch Range: Baja California and Sea of Cortez, Mexico |
| Tambja fusca Tambja fusca nudibranch Range: Baja California and Sea of Cortez, Mexico |
| Tamias Chipmunk |
| Tamias sp. Chipmunk |
| Tamiasciurus douglasii Douglas squirrel Synonyms: chickaree, pine squirrel |
| Tamiasciurus hudsonicus North American red squirrel |
| Taxidea taxus American badger |
| Terrapene sp. Box turtle Range: North America |
| Tethya aurantia Orange puffball sponge |
| Thalassarche chrysostoma Gray-headed albatross |
| Thalassarche melanophrys Black-browed albatross |
| Thalassia testudinum Turtle grass Range: Caribbean, Florida, Bahamas to Bermuda. Synonyms: Turtle seagrass |
| Thalassoma duperrey Saddle wrasse Range: Eastern Central Pacific: known from Johnston and Hawaiian islands Synonyms: Hinalea Lau-wili |
| Thalassoma grammaticum Island wrasse |
| Thalassoma hardwicke Sixbar wrasse |
| Thalassoma lucasanum Rainbow wrasse Range: Eastern Pacific: Gulf of California to Panama and the Galapagos Islands Synonyms: Cortez rainbow wrasse, Señorita arco iris |
| Thalassoma lutescens |
| Thalassoma rueppellii Klunzinger's wrasse Range: Western Indian Ocean: Red Sea Synonyms: Thalassoma klunzingeri |
| Thelotornis capensis oatesii Twig snake Range: South Africa Synonyms: Thelatornis capensis |
| Thunnus albacares Yellowfin tuna Range: Worldwide in tropical and subtropical seas, but absent from the Mediterranean Sea. Highly migratory species Synonyms: yellow-fin tuna, ahi tuna, yellow fin tuna |
| Thymallus arcticus arcticus Arctic grayling Range: North America: widespread in Arctic drainages from Hudson Bay, Canada to Alaska and in Arctic and Pacific drainages to central Alberta and British Columbia in Canada; upper Missouri River drainage in Montana, USA |
| Thysanoessa spinifera Krill |
| Timon lepidus |
| Tonna allium Costate Tun Range: Indo-West Pacific |
| Torpedo californica Pacific torpedo ray Range: Eastern Pacific: Dixon Entrance, British Columbia, Canada to Sebastian Vizcaino Bay, Baja California, Mexico Synonyms: pacific electric ray, electric torpedo ray |
| Toxopneustes roseus |
| Toxostoma curvirostre Curve-billed thrasher |
| Toxotes jaculatrix Banded archerfish |
| Trachinotus stilbe Steel pompano Range: Eastern Pacific: Ecuador and Peru, including Revillagigedo and Galapagos Islands |
| Trachurus symmetricus |
| Trachydosaurus Shingleback lizard |
| Treron sieboldii sieboldii Japanese white-bellied green pidgeon Range: Japan, Taiwan and Eastern China |
| Triaenodon obesus |
| Triakis semifasciata Leopard shark |
| Trichechus manatus West Indian manatee Range: U.S.A. (southeastern), Caribbean Sea, South America Status: Vulnerable (IUCN), Endangered (ESA) Synonyms: Florida Manatee, Common Manatee, American Manatee, Caribbean Manatee, North American Manatee, West Indian Manatee, Lamantin D'amérique Du Nord, Lamantin Des Antilles, Lamantin Des Caraïbes, Lamantino Norteamericana, Manatí Norteamericano |
| Trifolium hirtum Rose clover |
| Trimeresurus mcgregori McGregors tree viper Range: Philippines |
| Triopha catalinae Clown nudibranch Range: Alaska to Baja California |
| Trivia radians Radians trivia Range: Western Mexico to Ecuador |
| Tropaeolum majus Garden nasturtium |
| Tropidurus sp. Lava lizard Synonyms: Galapagos lizard |
| Tubastrea coccinea Orange cup coral |
| Turdus migratorius American robin |
| Tursiops truncatus |
| Umbrina roncador Yellowfin croaker Range: Eastern Central Pacific: Point Conception in California, USA to the Gulf of California; old records from as far north as San Francisco, California. Synonyms: yellowfin drum |
| Urechis caupo Fat innkeeper worm |
| Urobatis jamaicensis Yellow stingray Range: Western Atlantic: North Carolina, USA to northern South America. Also in Bahamas, Yucatan and throughout Caribbean. Synonyms: round stingray, yellow spotted stingray, maid stingray |
| Urocyon cinereoargenteus Gray fox Synonyms: grey fox |
| Urolophus halleri Round stingray |
| Urolophus maculatus |
| Ursus americanus |
| Ursus arctos Brown bear Range: Holarctic Status: Threatened (ESA) Synonyms: Grizzly bear, Alaskan brown bear, coastal brown bear, Ursus arctos horribilis |
| Ursus arctos horribilis Grizzly bear Range: Holarctic Status: EXPN (ESA) |
| Urticina crassicornis Christmas anemone |
| Urticina lofotensis Tealia anemone Synonyms: Tealia lofotensis |
| Urticina piscivora Fish-eating anemone |
| Urticina sp. |
| Varanus komodoensis Komodo dragon Range: Komodo Island, Indonesia Status: Endangered (ESA) Synonyms: Komoda monitor lizard |
| Varanus melinus Quince monitor lizard |
| Varanus prasinus prasinus Emerald tree monitor lizard Range: New Guinea |
| Variola louti Coral grouper |
| Velella velella By the wind sailor Synonyms: pelagic hydroid colony |
| Veratrum californicum Corn lily |
| Vulpes vulpes Red fox Synonyms: cross fox |
| Vultur gryphus Andean condor Range: Colombia to Chile and Argentina Status: Endangered (ESA) |
| Xanthichthys mento Redtail trigger fish Range: Eastern Pacific Synonyms: red-tail trigger fish, red-tailed triggerfish |
| Xenia umbellata Glove xenia |
| Xenistius californiensis Salema Range: Eastern Pacific: Monterey Bay in California, USA to Peru; common in southern California but rare north of Point Conception, California |
| Xenocys jessiae Black-striped salema Range: Southeast Pacific: endemic to the Galapagos Is. Synonyms: black striped salema |
| Xenomystus nigri African knifefish Range: West African rivers and coastal river basins |
| Xestospongia muta Barrel sponge Synonyms: esponge |
| Yucca brevifolia Joshua tree Range: North America: southwestern region including Mojave Desert including southwestern Utah, southern California, western Arizona and southern Nevada. Synonyms: Yucca draconis, Yucca arborescens |
| Yucca schidigera Mojave yucca Range: North America: southwestern region including California, Arizona and Nevada Synonyms: Spanish Dagger, Yucca aloifolia |
| Zalophus californianus California sea lion Status: Vulnerable (IUCN) Synonyms: lobo marino, sea dog, sealion |
| Zalophus californianus wollebacki Galapagos sea lion Status: Vulnerable (IUCN) Synonyms: lobo marino, sea dog, sealion, Zalophus californianus wollebaeki |
| Zalophus californianus wollebaeki Galapagos sea lion |
| Zanclus cornutus Moorish idol Range: Indo-Pacific: East Africa to Rapa and Ducie Islands, north to southern Japan and the Hawaiian Islands, south to the Lord Howe Island; throughout Micronesia. Eastern Pacific: southern Gulf of California to Peru Synonyms: moor idol, moorfish |
| Zaniolepis latipinnis Longspine combfish Range: Eastern Pacific: Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada to central Baja California, Mexico |
| Zebrasoma desjardinii Desjardin's Indian sailfin tang Range: Indian Ocean: Red Sea to the Maldives |
| Zebrasoma flavescens Yellow tang Range: Pacific: Ryukyu, Mariana, Marshall, Marcus, Wake and Hawaiian islands. Synonyms: lemon sailfin, somber surgeonfish, yellow sailfin tang |
| Zebrasoma veliferum Sailfin tang Range: Indo-Pacific: Indonesia to the the Hawaiian and Tuamotu islands, north to southern Japan, south to the southern Great Barrier Reef, New Caledonia, and Rapa I.; throughout Micronesia. Replaced by the similar Z. desjardinii in the Indian Ocean. Also known in Line, Society, Austral and Rapa Islands |
| Zebrasoma xanthurum Yellowtail tang Range: Western Indian Ocean: Red Sea to the Persian Gulf |
| Zenaida asiatica White-winged dove |
| Zonotrichia leucophrys White-crowned sparrow |
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